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Taylor & Francis

Prepare your manuscript for Grana.

Review the checklist, choose your article type, and turn your draft into a cleaner submission package.

Checked 2026-08-01
Check readiness freePrepare this manuscript

Article types

Review
Original Article
Data Note
Book Review
Review Article
Editorial
Research Article
Letter
Lectio
Clinical Trial
Protocol
Systematic Review

Readiness requirements

Review the key details below, or download the complete checklist with every stored source-backed requirement.

Abstract length

  • Provide an author-written abstract of no more than 250 words.
  • Data Note: Data Notes should contain an structured abstract of 250 words.
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  • A short abstract not exceeding 250 words should appear directly below the affiliations.
  • The abstract structure should be as follows: Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion.
  • The abstract must be clear and concise and should distil in brief the important findings of the study.

Keywords

  • Provide 3-6 keywords chosen by the author.
  • Each manuscript should have 3 to 10 keywords.
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  • They should contain between 3 and 6 keywords.
  • Keywords: Three to ten keywords are required for each submission.

Reference style

  • Articlo formats your supplied references to the journal's stored style and checks that citations match the reference list; source validity is not verified.
  • Use the en-dash (–) when giving ranges of e.g., size, measurements, pages, geological stages, years, figure references, etc. (i.e., 4–7 µm, p. 56–59, Triassic–Jurassic, 1959–1963, Figure 3A–B, etc.), but use a hyphen (-) in compound words (e.g., north-east, well-preserved, self-pollination, S-haplotype).
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  • The references should be cited in the text as, Kuprianova (1973a) or where referring to particular text or figures as “… with short colpi spirally arranged (Dessein et al. 1978, figures 55, 56)” or “… distant transport of grass inconsiderable (Hyde & Williams 1945, p. 95)”.
  • Compound figures with more than one micrograph or photo should be referred to by a single figure reference (e.g., Figure 1), and individual parts should be labelled with capitalised letters in the lower left-hand corner.
  • This also should be observed in reference lists: please note the difference between one editor, (Ed.), and two or more, (Eds).
  • References with three or more authors should be abbreviated to first author et al. (not italicised and with a period after the ‘al.’) in the text.
  • Only printed publications cited in the text, tables, and figures should appear in the Reference list.
  • Where a title has been transliterated or translated, the original language should be stated in parentheses at the end of the reference.
  • A declaration must be included within the submission stating: Confirmation the authors take full responsibility for the integrity of the whole content, including accuracy of references.

Figure and table rules

  • Keep every figure and table numbered, captioned, and cited in the manuscript.
  • Group figures at the end of the manuscript.
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  • All illustrations should be prepared for printing to fit 80 × 240 mm (column width) or 169 mm in width by up to 240 mm in length (full page).
  • Computer prepared photographic images must have a minimum resolution of 350 dpi at the final publication size, colour figures minimum 600 dpi.
  • Figures should be numbered with Arabic numerals (e.g., 1, 2, 3, …) according to their sequence in the text.
  • All figures must be numbered in the order in which they appear in the paper (i.e., Figure 1, Figure 2).
  • In multi-part figures, each part should be labelled (i.e., Figure 1A, Figure 1B).
  • Lettering should run from left to right and illustrations should be separated from each other by a uniform gutter of 2 mm.
  • Descriptive labelling in the figures should be clearly readable, and all lettering should have a minimum published size of 6 pt (2.1 mm) for labelling items on photographs or in line art is recommended and a maximum size of 10 pt is suggested.
  • Tables should not include vertical rules, but horizontal rules should separate column headings from the content.
  • Authors should keep in mind the page layout of the journal when designing tables.
  • Detailed explanations of symbols, units, and abbreviations should follow below the table.
  • Figures must be saved individually and separate to text.
  • Figure captions must be saved separately as part of the file containing the complete text of the paper, and numbered correspondingly.
  • Such figures should be printed from the original software into PDF files or exported into an accepted graphics package and lettering rendered using a text function.
  • Otherwise they should be produced as separate figures.
  • Figure captions should include a statement at the end of each caption about reproduction size (e.g., at full page width, at column width).
  • Explanations should be brief and authors should keep in mind that captions will be placed below figures.
  • You must ensure appropriate acknowledgement is given to the permission granted to you for reuse by the copyright holder in each figure or table caption.
  • All figures must be sent electronically and at adequate resolution, care and attention to these guidelines are essential as importing graphics packages can often be problematic.
  • Editorial: The editorial office cannot undertake preparation of manuscripts and illustrations not conforming to journal style.
  • Please do not embed figures in the manuscript file.
  • When referring to a figure from another paper, do not capitalise the word ‘figure’; this will help distinguish between the figures you are referring to and the Figures in your own paper.

Funding statement

  • You should declare only the acquired funds and grants that are directly relevant to the work reported in your article; for example, This work was supported by the [Funding Agency #1] under Grant [number xxxx]; [Funding Agency #2] under Grant [number xxxx]; and [Funding Agency #3] under Grant [number xxxx].

Competing interests

  • Include or confirm the competing interests required by the journal. Articlo checks this item and flags anything that still needs author input.

Data availability statement

  • Data Note: Add or confirm the author-written Data availability statement; Articlo flags it if author input is still needed.
  • Data Note: Further to the data sharing policy for the journal, Data Note submissions must include a data availability statement and describe data available via a repository.

Ethics statement

  • Include or confirm the ethics statement required by the journal. Articlo checks this item and flags anything that still needs author input.

Blinded manuscript

  • The PDF should be uploaded as the “Manuscript - with author details”/”Manuscript - anonymous” file.

Cover letter

  • Reproduction of copyright material If you wish to include any material in your manuscript in which you do not hold copyright, you must obtain written permission from the copyright owner, prior to submission.

Author contributions

  • Submitting authors should be prepared to submit CRediT roles for themselves and their co-authors (where applicable) as part of the submission process.

Title page and author information

  • Complete author names should be given here in full capitals, author affiliations are indicated by superscript numbers if more than one.
  • All authors of a manuscript should include their full names, affiliations, postal addresses, telephone numbers and email addresses on the cover page of the manuscript.
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  • One author should be identified as the corresponding author.
  • All persons who have a reasonable claim to authorship must be named in the manuscript as co-authors; the corresponding author must be authorized by all co-authors to act as an agent on their behalf in all matters pertaining to publication of the manuscript, and the order of names should be agreed by all authors.

Article structure and word limits

  • Abstracts not exceeding 250 words are required for all manuscripts submitted.
  • They should be no more than 3000 words in length.
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  • Therefore, EPDB contributions should not exceed 8000 characters including spaces.
  • Where multiple papers are cited the papers should be separated by semicolons (e.g., Cantrill 1995, 1996; Friis et al. 2002a; Poole et al. 2005).
  • The filename for the graphic should be descriptive of the graphic (e.g., Figure1.tiff, Figure2a.eps).
  • These must be at a minimum resolution of 800 dpi at publication size.
  • Lettering should be of a sans-serif type (i.e., fonts without serifs such as Arial) with a minimum published size of 4.2 mm (12 pt).
  • Erdtman (1952, p. 17) should be applied with polar axes oriented vertically.
  • Text should be saved as text at a minimum text size of 6 pt (2.1 mm).
  • The title should be: 1 concise and informative (short subtitles are encouraged), 2 be in bold with no caps except after the colon in a compound title, 3 include a short running headline of no more than 40 characters incl. spaces.
  • A minimum of 4% tint can be reproduced.
  • Line width minimum is 0.25 pt (0.09 mm).
  • Review: These instructions will ensure we have everything required so your paper can move through peer review, production and publication smoothly.
  • Use these instructions if you are preparing a manuscript to submit to Grana.
  • Your research funder or your institution may require you to publish your article open access.
  • Use our APC finder to view the APC for this journal.
  • Biographical notes on contributors are not required for this journal.
  • Authors must also incorporate a Disclosure Statement.
  • When using a word which is or is asserted to be a proprietary term or trade mark, authors must use the symbol ® or TM.
  • All text should be formatted as it is to appear in the journal (i.e., italicised text to be italicised and bold to be in bold ).
  • Letter: Contractions are words shortened by the deletion of letters excluding the last letter of the word and should not terminate in a full stop.
  • Where the paper describes new taxa these should also be included.
  • These should not include words mentioned in the title.
  • Note that the authors are not separated from the year by a comma, and that they should appear in chronological order.
  • Authority names of plant taxa (genera and species) should follow The International Plant Names Index, IPNI ( www.ipni.org/ ).
  • Where more than one publication by the same set of authors is listed these should be listed chronologically.
  • Use Arabic numerals for volume numbers, do not include part numbers except where the journal paginates each part individually from page one.
  • Please submit line art as CorelDraw or Adobe Illustrator files.
  • Use a scale bar to indicate magnifications and place in the lower right corner if possible.
  • Note electronic scale bars and lettering produced by SEM graphics packages are inadequate and must be removed.
  • Authors should note that.dot,.bmp, and.pat fillings should be avoided.
  • Note that vertical axes must all be at the same scale especially where the paper compares between them.
  • Authors should restrict their use of colour to situations where it is necessary on scientific, and not merely cosmetic, grounds.
  • Submitting Your Paper All submissions should be made online at the Grana Scholar One Manuscripts website.
  • Once logged on to the site, submissions should be made via the Author Centre.
  • LaTeX files should be converted to PDF prior to submission because ScholarOne Manuscripts is not able to convert LaTeX files into PDFs directly.
  • You will also need to upload your LaTeX source files, which should be uploaded as a single zip file alongside your submission and marked as “LaTeX Source Files”.
  • A declaration must be included within the submission stating: Originality and accuracy of content has been confirmed by the authors.
  • Authors must provide full methodological details and adhere to relevant reporting guidelines where applicable.
  • Authors must retain the original and revised versions which must be shared upon request.
  • The PLSP guidelines for authors must be followed at all times.
  • Sexist or racist terms must not be used.
  • Authors must adhere to SI units.
  • Data Note: Data Notes should only describe the data.
  • Original Article: Please note: While ‘Original Articles’ in Grana have no length and size limit, ‘European Pollen Data Base (EPDB)’ contributions are standardised reports and should fit on three pages including the pollen diagram.
  • SI units (Système International d’Unités) should be used throughout (see http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/index.html ).
  • Authorities for species should either be given the first time the name is mentioned in the text or alternatively ‘Specimens investigated’ lists can be used to cite the authorities of species.
  • It should not be a summary of the paper.
  • New taxa should appear in bold.
  • Provide journal titles in full.
  • They should be typed in the journal format.
  • New users should first create an account.
  • Scientific names of genera and species should follow the International Plant Names Index, IPNI (see http://ipni.org/ipni/plantnamesearchpage.do ) for plants and the Index Fungorum (see http://www.indexfungorum.org/names/Names.asp ) for fungi.
  • Files should be saved and submitted as one of the following file formats: TIFF (Tagged Image File Format; preferred! ) or PostScript, and should contain all the necessary font information and the source file of the application (e.g., CorelDraw/Mac, CorelDraw/PC).
  • Please do not hesitate to contact our Production Department if you have any queries.
  • Editorial: Grana has a limited number of printed colour pages free of charge per volume, which will be allocated in a reasonable way by the Editorial Office.
  • Image descriptions are typically used by systems such as pronouncing screen readers to make images accessible to people that cannot read or see the object due to a visual disability.

Reporting guidelines

  • Include or confirm the reporting guidelines required by the journal. Articlo checks this item and flags anything that still needs author input.

Preprints and prior publication

  • If you have shared an earlier version of your Author’s Original Manuscript on a preprint server, please be aware that anonymity cannot be guaranteed.

Artificial intelligence disclosure

  • Add or confirm the author-written Artificial intelligence statement; Articlo flags it if author input is still needed.
  • Please include a statement disclosing whether and how generative AI has been used in the research and manuscript preparation process.
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  • Use of AI tools as part of ethical research studies is permitted.
  • A declaration must be included within the submission stating: The name and version number of the AI tool used.
  • Systematic Review: Use of AI tools as part of ethically conducted literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analysis and bibliometrics studies is permitted.
  • Use of AI tool assisted plain language summaries (PLS) of authors own work is permitted.
  • Please read our guidance on using AI tools in your research and manuscript preparation to understand scenarios where their use may be permissible, and the required information that must be disclosed.
  • A declaration must be included within the submission stating: Confirmation the authors have checked terms of use for the specific AI tool used, and therefore confirm suitability for publication.

Language and text style

  • Long quotations of 40 words or more should be indented without quotation marks.
  • Please use single quotation marks, except where ‘a quotation is “within” a quotation’.
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  • Note that in italicised headings words that would normally be in italics (e.g., names of genera and lower ranked taxa) should be in non-italic font.
  • Abbreviations and symbols should conform to those in Biological Abstracts.
  • Scientific names of genera and taxa of lower rank must be in italics.
  • Letter: Abbreviations are words that are shortened by deletion of letters including the last letter and should end in a full stop.
  • Please check for correct spelling in all titles, especially in non-English titles (i.e. in German titles initial capital letters should be used for proper nouns)!
  • Papers should be consistently written in British English following the conventions of the Oxford English Dictionary.

Article type and manuscript length

  • Manuscripts should be compiled in the following order: title page; abstract; keywords; main text; acknowledgements; references; appendices (as appropriate); table(s) with caption(s) (on individual pages); figure caption(s) (as a list).
  • They should be written with the following elements in the following order: title page; abstract; keywords; main text introduction, materials and methods, Data description, discussion; acknowledgments; declaration of interest statement; author contributions statement and ethics; data availability statement; references; appendices (as appropriate); table(s) with caption(s) (on individual pages); figures; figure captions (as a list).

Manuscript structure

  • On your computer, browse to “Local Disc (C:)/Program Files/Endnote #/ and copy or move the file sgra.ens into the “Styles” folder (NOTE: the symbol # should be replaced by the version of your Endnote, e.g. Endnote 9).
  • Data Note: Data Notes do not include any interpretation or conclusion of the data.
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  • This section should be concise but provide the reader with enough up to date background information to understand the problems raised and discussed in the paper.
  • This section should outline in enough detail the nature of the material and the methods used so another researcher could repeat them.
  • Primary data and observations that form the basis for the Discussion that follows should be included in this section.
  • This section should provide an interpretation of the results and should not contain any additional primary results or data.
  • Please include a separate Conclusion outlining the importance of the work and the main findings.
  • They should be numbered with Roman numerals (e.g., I, II, III, …) according to their sequence in the text, and have a short self-explanatory heading.
  • Do not use postscript filling patterns as these are often based on bitmap patterns that result in screening patterns during final reproduction.
  • Section headings should be concise.
  • Do not include any results in this section.
  • This section should have no heading.
  • Should be inserted after the Conclusions.
  • Authors must retain full records of the methods undertaken, including full descriptions and records of the prompts used, which must be shared with the journal upon request.

Study reporting guidelines

  • Authors must provide full methodological details and adhere to relevant reporting guidelines where applicable (e.g. CONSORT-AI, STARD-AI, GAMER, TRIPOD-AI, etc).
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What your package checks

Abstract: 250 words
Keywords: 3-6 keywords
Declarations: Acknowledgements, Artificial intelligence

Source transparency

This preparation guide uses published journal-specific author requirements. Journal instructions can change, so authors should complete a final review before submission.

Open official guideline source