Taylor & Francis

Prepare your manuscript for Italian Journal of Animal Science.

Review the checklist, choose your article type, and turn your draft into a cleaner submission package.

Checked 2026-08-01

Check readiness free Prepare this manuscript

Article types

Review

Original Article

Review Article

Clinical Trial

Systematic Review

Letter

Editorial

Lectio

Protocol

Readiness requirements

Review the key details below, or download the complete checklist with every stored source-backed requirement.

Abstract length

Provide an author-written abstract of no more than 300 words.
Use a structured abstract.

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Abstract: The abstract should be unstructured, clear and concise and must contain a maximum of 300 words.
Trial registration numbers should be included in the abstract, with full details in the methods section.
Your abstract should focus on what your research is about, what methods have been used, and what you found out.
Abstract must avoid references.
The instructions for authors for each journal will give specific guidelines on what’s required here, including whether it should be a structured abstract or graphical abstract, and any word limits.
Instructions for ASPA Congress Book of Abstracts Authors submitting an abstract from the ASPA Congress to be published in the Book of Abstracts must follow the submissions guidelines here: https://tandf.co.uk/journals/authors/style/TJAS-Author-Guidelines.pdf.
Please do not embed it in the manuscript file but save it as a separate file, labelled GraphicalAbstract1.Taylor & Francis Editing Services provides a graphical abstract creation service for a fee.

Keywords

Include or confirm the keywords required by the journal. Articlo checks this item and flags anything that still needs author input.

Reference style

Articlo formats your supplied references to the journal's stored style and checks that citations match the reference list; source validity is not verified.
Should be no more than 8000 words, inclusive of tables, references, figure captions, footnotes, endnotes.

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Should be no more than 10000 words, inclusive of tables, references, figure captions, footnotes, endnotes.
Should be no more than 4000 words, inclusive of tables, references, figure captions, footnotes, endnotes.
References to tables and figures within the Results section are required.
Persistent identifiers (DOIs and accession numbers) assigned to the data by the repository must be appropriately cited and referenced in the published article.
Readers should be able to interpret the table without reference to the text.
If you reply yes, you will be required to provide the DOI, pre-registered DOI, hyperlink, or other persistent identifier associated with the data set(s).
Letter: Headings: Please indicate the level of the section headings in your article: First level headings (Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusions, References) should be in bold, with an initial capital letter for any proper nouns.
Please provide a complete description of statistical procedures, including: Software name and version; Packages or libraries used (if applicable) Including their version and relevant reference if any.
The DAS should include the hyperlink, DOI or other persistent identifier associated with the data set(s), or information on how the data can be requested from the authors.
A declaration must be included within the submission stating: Confirmation the authors take full responsibility for the integrity of the whole content, including accuracy of references.

Figure and table rules

Keep every figure and table numbered, captioned, and cited in the manuscript. Keep figures embedded; Articlo also extracts numbered source files for the package.
Group figures at the end of the manuscript.

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Group tables at the end of the manuscript.
Figures should be high quality (1200 dpi for line art, 600 dpi for grayscale and 300 dpi for colour, at the correct size).
Tables and figures Show clearly in your article text where the tables and figures should appear, for example, by writing [Table 1 near here].
Figures should be saved separately from the text.
Results should be reported uniquely and should not be redundantly shown in other table or figures.
Tables must be reported at the end of the text and must be in an editable format.
Each table must have its own title and caption.
Number of experimental units or degree of freedom must be indicated in the table preferably as a footnote.
Abbreviations provided in the Tables should be expanded in Table footnotes.
Results should be reported uniquely and should be redundantly shown in other table or figures.
Each figure must have its own title and caption.
If needed exact p-values and indicators of residual variability must be present in the figure or in the caption.
Abbreviations provided in the Figures should be expanded in Figure captions.
Tables should be self-sufficient and clearly stated without relying on the text results section.
Tables must report the SD/SE/SEM values of the statistical model.
It’s very important that you have been given permission to use any tables or figures you are reproducing from another source before you submit.
In addition, the composition (amount in units) of the premix (e.g. minerals, vitamins, etc.) should be clearly listed in a footnote to the table reporting the feed composition.
The “Results” section should be self-contained and clearly stated, reporting exact p-values for all main factors in the model and for all significant comparisons between experimental groups, without relying on tables or figures for interpretation.
Figures should be supplied in one of our preferred file formats: PS, JPEG, TIFF, or Microsoft Word (DOC or DOCX) files are acceptable for figures that have been drawn in Word.
Tables should report the experimental unit.
Check the instructions for authors to see how you should supply tables and figures, whether at the end of the text or in separate files, and follow any guidance given on the submission system.

Funding statement

Add or confirm the author-written Funding statement; Articlo flags it if author input is still needed.
You should declare only the acquired funds and grants that are directly relevant to the work reported in your article; for example, This work was supported by the [Funding Agency #1] under Grant [number xxxx]; [Funding Agency #2] under Grant [number xxxx]; and [Funding Agency #3] under Grant [number xxxx].

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Please supply all details required by your funding and grant-awarding bodies as follows: For single agency grants.
Review: Each author must be associated with one or more of the following roles, as applicable: Conceptualization; Methodology; Formal analysis; Investigation; Data curation; Writing – original draft; Writing – review & editing; Supervision; Project administration; Funding acquisition.

Competing interests

Include or confirm the competing interests required by the journal. Articlo checks this item and flags anything that still needs author input.

Data availability statement

Add or confirm the author-written Data availability statement; Articlo flags it if author input is still needed.
If data cannot be made open, authors should state the reasons whyin the data availability statement.

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Authors are required to provide a data availability statement, detailing where data associated with a paper can be found and how it can be accessed.
If data cannot be made open, authors should state why in the data availability statement.
Authors are required to cite any data sets referenced in the article and provide a Data Availability Statement.

Ethics statement

Add or confirm the author-written Ethics statement; Articlo flags it if author input is still needed.
Review: Authors who do not have formal ethics review committees should include a statement that their study follows the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.

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An ethics statement must be included in the manuscript.
Clinical Trial: Clinical Trials Registry: In order to be published in a Taylor & Francis journal, all clinical trials must have been registered in a public repository at the beginning of the research process (prior to patient enrolment).

Blinded manuscript

The PDF should be uploaded as the “Manuscript - with author details”/”Manuscript - anonymous” file.

Cover letter

Using Third-Party Material in your Paper You must obtain the necessary permission to reuse third-party material in your article.
Review: The use of short extracts of text and some other types of material is usually permitted, on a limited basis, for the purposes of criticism and review without securing formal permission.

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If you wish to include any material in your paper for which you do not hold copyright, and which is not covered by this informal agreement, you will need to obtain written permission from the copyright owner prior to submission.

Author contributions

Add or confirm the author-written Author contributions statement; Articlo flags it if author input is still needed.
Author contributions must be described using the CRediT taxonomy.

Title page and author information

Please include all authors’ full names, affiliations, postal addresses, telephone numbers and email addresses on the cover page.
The names and affiliations of the authors should be presented as follows: John Smith a*, Mario Bianchi b, Juan Vicente Rodriguez c.

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Corresponding author: The corresponding author must be indicated.
Only one corresponding author should be indicated.

Article structure and word limits

If needed, difference between experimental groups must be reported using specific superscripts.
Bulleted Highlights: Please provide 3 bulleted highlights (maximum 150 characters including spaces).

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Values after decimal points should be rounded up to 2 or 3 digits consistently within an article (e.g. 999, 99.9, 9.99 and 0.999.), excluding p-values.
Values after decimal points should be rounded up to 2 or 3 digits consistently within an article, excluding p-values.
Using 3 or more (optimum) or minimum 2 animals as donors of rumen inoculum.
To minimize non-metabolic CO2 production, the use of buffers containing bicarbonate concentrations above 80 mM should be avoided.
It is recommended that a minimum of 3 bottles are used per unique treatment in each incubation run.
For rumen fermentation: Rumen fluid should be flushed with CO2 continuously.
Margins Margins should be at least 2.5cm (1 inch).
Manuscripts should be prepared double-spaced in Microsoft Word, with lines and pages numbered consecutively, using Times New Roman font at 12 points and no less than 2.5 cm margins all around.
It should be a maximum width of 525 pixels.
Blanks (i.e., vessels without substrate containing only inoculum and medium), which are necessary to correct for gas, CH4 and fermentation of residual OM in the inoculum, should be used in every run.
For rumen fermentation: Fresh rumen fluid maintained under anaerobic conditions at 39 °C should be inoculated into in vitro vessels as soon as possible, ideally within 1 hour post collection.
For rumen fermentation: The duration of the incubation should be adjusted based on the composition and physical properties of the substrate incubated and this determines the frequency of gas sampling required for measuring CH4 production.
When batch fermentation approaches are adopted, the maximum duration of the incubation must be less than 72 hours in order to minimize the effect of organic matter recycling.
Review: These instructions will ensure we have everything required so your paper can move through peer review, production and publication smoothly.
Please note that discounts must be applied at the Charges stage of the submission process when the APC quote is confirmed and may not be considered after submission.
Please contact paolo.trevisi@unibo.it to find out how to obtain this discount before you submit your article.
You will also need to upload your LaTeX source files, which should be uploaded as a single zip file alongside your submission and marked as “LaTeX Source Files”.
Editorial: The author who submits and manages the manuscript through the Editorial Manager system must be registered on the platform.
Hypothesis should be followed by a clear stated aim.
The type(s) of data used in the article (experimental, observational, big data, etc.) must be explicitly stated, along with a clear definition of the experimental unit.
Primer sequences and gene accession number must be provided when applicable.
For feed trials, the raw material composition, as well as the calculated and analysed nutritional values of the feed formula, must be reported.
Authors should clearly describe the experimental unit (e.g., individual animal, pen, herd, batch) and justify its choice in relation to the study design.
Appropriate validation strategies (e.g., cross-validation) should be applied in order to avoid overfitting and data leakage.
Model performance must be evaluated using suitable metrics (e.g., RMSE, accuracy, AUC).
Instead, all findings should be interpreted and discussed in the context of relevant and up-to-date literature.
Include the Enzyme Commission (EC) number, when the enzyme is cited for the first time in the text.
The use of trivial name should be always used together the systematic name, when the fatty acid is cited for the first tie in the text.
Cis and trans configuration should be abbreviated as “c” and “t”.
The registry should be publicly accessible (at no charge), open to all prospective registrants, and managed by a not-for-profit organization.
Please include all relevant safety precautions; and cite any accepted standard or code of practice.
The target species and development phase, the experimental treatment or the objective of the study should be reported in the title.
Indicators of residual variability (such as SEM, RSD, or RMSE) must be presented with one additional decimal compared to the reported mean values.
The target species and development phase, the experimental treatment, number of experimental units or degree of freedom must be indicated also in the title.
Single or multiple donors can be employed per run, but the contribution of every donor must be balanced in the whole experiment.
Stomach tubing should be performed by well-trained persons to minimize salivary dilution.
In the systems working based on gas pressure, gas composition should be determined at the same time gas pressure is vented.
For in vitro fermentation models, the donor inoculum microbiota composition should be provided, information on the age and diet of the donors is required.
Justification of the reasons to pool or to keep inocula individually should be provided.
Attention should be paid on the biological and technical repetitions.
For in vitro fermentation, how anaerobic conditions are obtained, should be given.
Research using cell models The origin of the cells should be provided, as well was their passage number.
Justification on the number of technical replicates should be provided and if it was repeated in time.
For primary cell cultures, age and rearing conditions of donors should be provided.
If cells are pooled from different animals, and the number of biological repetitions should be given.
Raw sequencing data must be uploaded in a public repository.
Queries Should you have any queries, please visit our Author Services website or contact us here.
A declaration must be included within the submission stating: Originality and accuracy of content has been confirmed by the authors.
Authors must provide full methodological details and adhere to relevant reporting guidelines where applicable.
Authors must retain the original and revised versions which must be shared upon request.
The PLSP guidelines for authors must be followed at all times.
Before you submit your article, make sure you’ve checked the instructions for authors for your chosen journal, so you are aware of everything required.
Most journals create image descriptions during the production process, but a minority may require authors to provide image descriptions.
Review: Running heads and received dates These aren’t required when submitting a manuscript for review.
If no experimental design is applicable (e.g., in observational studies), an explanation should be provided, including an explanation supporting the data collection and analyses performed.
Within analytical procedures, details such as commercial kits, reagents, instrument models and settings, and specific analytical protocols followed should be clearly described.
When analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used, the assumptions of ANOVA must be reported, including how the distribution of residuals and the homogeneity of variances were tested, as well as any data transformation applied (if used).
In addition, a residual error term, such as the pooled standard error of the means (SEM), the residual standard deviation (RSD), or the root mean square error (RMSE) must be provided for each criterion/item/variable/trait in a separate column (or line).
For non-normally distributed data (e.g., counts, proportions, binary outcomes), appropriate generalized linear (mixed) models should be used, specifying the distribution and link function.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms: RefSNP (rs) or submitted SNP (ss) number (if rs number is not yet available) should be used for unequivocal and correct SNP identification.
In addition, in vitro techniques reduce the use of experimental animals especially when a large number of treatments need to be tested and serve as a valuable tool for screening the suitability for further evaluation in vivo.
The donor animals should be fed a diet at a restricted level of feeding as frequent meals to ensure consistency of diet composition and digestion, minimize variation in feed intake, and avoid diurnal variation in rumen fermentation.
The number of cells seeded should be provided, as well as their culture conditions (e.g. composition and quantity of medium, frequency of replacing the medium, which plates are used, how counting is performed, etc.).
Please use SI units (non-italicized).
Please note that data should only be shared if it is ethically correct to do so, where this does not violate the protection of human subjects, or other valid ethical, privacy, or security concerns.
Special characters If you are preparing your manuscript in Microsoft Word and your article contains special characters, accents, or diacritics, we recommend you follow these steps: European accents (Greek, Hebrew, or Cyrillic letters, or phonetic symbols): choose Times New Roman font from the dropdown menu in the “Insert symbol” window and insert the character you require.
Special characters If you are preparing your manuscript in Microsoft Word and your article contains special characters, accents, or diacritics, we recommend you follow these steps: Asian languages (such as Sanskrit, Korean, Chinese, or Japanese): choose Arial Unicode font from the dropdown menu in the “Insert symbol” window and insert the character you require.
Enzymes: Nomenclature of enzymes should conform to the recommendations of the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology ( http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iubmb/enzyme ).
For the degradation test at least 3 independent incubation runs are recommended.
Following the addition of inoculum into the bottle, the headspace should be flushed continuously until the bottle is sealed.
The following guidelines should be considered when preparing and reporting the in vitro experiments: Where possible the target animal species should be used as the donor of rumen/intestinal fluid/content.
This is more feasible in large ruminants and requires the collection of rumen contents from animals fitted with rumen cannula.
If you are submitting in LaTeX, please convert the files to PDF beforehand (you will also need to upload your LaTeX source files with the PDF).
If you are at the early stage of your research, you may also need to read how to start writing a journal manuscript.

Reporting guidelines

Include or confirm the reporting guidelines required by the journal. Articlo checks this item and flags anything that still needs author input.

Statistical reporting

The results should include exact p-values of statistical analysis.
Statistical analysis The Statistical analysis section must be included as a subsections.

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For each statistical test or model applied, authors must report the assumptions evaluated, the error distribution assumed, and any data transformation performed.
Moreover, it should clearly describe the post-hoc test applied; and the significance level adopted.
Authors should avoid over-interpreting statistical significance and should discuss results in terms of biological relevance.
When repeated measurements are collected on the same experimental unit, the temporal or spatial structure of the data must be appropriately accounted for in the statistical model.
Studies that employ machine learning methods must clearly define the objective of the analysis (e.g., feature selection, supervised classification or regression, unsupervised clustering) and provide a detailed description of data preprocessing procedures (class balancing, handling of missing data, normalization), as well as model training and validation.

Preprints and prior publication

If you have shared an earlier version of your Author’s Original Manuscript on a preprint server, please be aware that anonymity cannot be guaranteed.

Artificial intelligence disclosure

Add or confirm the author-written Artificial intelligence statement; Articlo flags it if author input is still needed.
Please include a statement disclosing whether and how generative AI has been used in the research and manuscript preparation process.

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Use of AI tools as part of ethical research studies is permitted.
A declaration must be included within the submission stating: The name and version number of the AI tool used.
Systematic Review: Use of AI tools as part of ethically conducted literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analysis and bibliometrics studies is permitted.
Use of AI tool assisted plain language summaries (PLS) of authors own work is permitted.
Please read our guidance on using AI tools in your research and manuscript preparation to understand scenarios where their use may be permissible, and the required information that must be disclosed.
Artificial Intelligence Disclosure If authors use artificial intelligence tools in the writing process, excluding the use of basic tools for grammar or grammar check, they must include a disclosure statement: During the preparation of this work, the author(s) used [tool or service] in order to [reason for use].
A declaration must be included within the submission stating: Confirmation the authors have checked terms of use for the specific AI tool used, and therefore confirm suitability for publication.

Authorship and originality

Only contributors who do not meet the full criteria for authorship should be included here.
All authors must have approved the final manuscript and agree to be accountable for their individual contributions.

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All authors submitting to medicine, biomedicine, health sciences, allied and public health journals should conform to the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals, prepared by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE).

Language and text style

Gene symbols should be shown in italics (e.g., SCD1) and proteins in roman text (e.g., SCD1).
Discount codes must be presented at quotation and cannot be applied retrospectively.

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Please use British (-ise) spelling style consistently throughout your manuscript.
Please use single quotation marks, except where ‘a quotation is “within” a quotation’.
Please note that long quotations should be indented without quotation marks.
Department and institution names should be in the native language for European countries.
Highlights should be written in simple English suitable for non-specialists or even non-science readers.
Letter: Second level headings should be in bold italics, with an initial capital letter for any proper nouns.
Letter: Third level headings should be in bold italics, with an initial capital letter for any proper nouns, and should run on into the text.
Abbreviations can be used but should be defined at the first use.
Names of funders should be provided in the English language version.
Names and supports should be provided in the English language version.
Headings This will show you the different levels of the heading section in your article: Fourth-level headings should be in bold italics, at the beginning of a paragraph.
Headings This will show you the different levels of the heading section in your article: Fifth-level headings should be in italics, at the beginning of a paragraph.
Acknowledgements All individuals or organisations that supported the research such as through language assistance, writing or proofreading help, technical advice, or other contributions, should be acknowledged in this section.
Letter: Headings This will show you the different levels of the heading section in your article: Second-level headings should be in bold italics, with an initial capital letter for any proper nouns.
Letter: Headings This will show you the different levels of the heading section in your article: Third-level headings should be in italics, with an initial capital letter for any proper nouns.

Article type and manuscript length

Tables must be numbered in order of appearance in the text and must be cited in the main text.
Caption should be self-explanatory and should be understood without reference to the main text.

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Figures must be numbered in ordered of appearance in the text and must be cited in the main text.
Should be written with the following elements in the following order: title page; abstract; keywords; highlights; main text introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion; conclusions; acknowledgments; declaration of interest statement; references; appendices (as appropriate); table(s) with caption(s) (on individual pages); figures; figure captions (as a list).
Review / Systematic Review: For the systematic review, it must follow the PRISMA guidelines and it should be written with the following elements in the following order: title page; abstract; keywords; highlights (optional); main text introduction, materials and methods, results, conclusions; acknowledgments; declaration of interest statement; references; appendices (as appropriate); table(s) with caption(s) (on individual pages); figures; figure captions (as a list).
Should be written with the following elements in the following order: title page; abstract; keywords; highlights; main text introduction, materials and methods, results and discussion (combined); acknowledgments; declaration of interest statement; references; appendices (as appropriate); table(s) with caption(s) (on individual pages); figures; figure captions (as a list).

Manuscript structure

Highlights should provide economic, social or environmental implications of the results of the study.
It should summarize the aim or the purpose of the study, the methods, the key findings, and conclusions.

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Introduction: This section should properly introduce the background, the rationale, and the aim of the study by citing related and updated literature.
Material and Methods: The experimental design of the study should be clearly defined at the beginning of this section.
This section should report all the information and details about material and methods to allow reproducibility of the study.
When machine learning models are used, adequate attention to the interpretability of the results is also required.
The “Discussion” section should not repeat the results.
Conclusions: A conclusions section must be included.
In this section, some conclusive sentences about the main results obtained and their relevance in the field should be reported.
Clinical Trial: All papers which report in vivo experiments or clinical trials on humans or animals must include a written statement in the Methods section.
For in vitro absorption, the method should describe how this is technically obtained (e.g. molecular size of membrane, washing conditions, centrifugation conditions).
All the necessary experimental settings should be clearly explained in the materials and methods section (i.e. enzyme concentration, enzyme activity, buffer composition, pH, temperature).
Authors must retain full records of the methods undertaken, including full descriptions and records of the prompts used, which must be shared with the journal upon request.
Letter: Headings This will show you the different levels of the heading section in your article: First-level headings (e.g. Introduction, Conclusion) should be in bold, with an initial capital letter for any proper nouns.

Study reporting guidelines

If your research involves in-vivo experimentation in animals, it must adhere to the ARRIVE (Essential 10) checklists respectively, and the completed checklist must be submitted alongside the manuscript.
Nevertheless, special care should be taken to accurately run an in vitro method and in interpreting the data.

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Authors must provide full methodological details and adhere to relevant reporting guidelines where applicable (e.g. CONSORT-AI, STARD-AI, GAMER, TRIPOD-AI, etc).
Clinical Trial: This should explain that all work was conducted with the formal approval of the local human subject or animal care committees (institutional and national), and that clinical trials have been registered as legislation requires.
If only technical repetitions are done, interpretations of the data should be done with care, and the lack of biological replicates should be clearly discussed and justified.

Save journal and get updates Download complete checklist

What your package checks

Abstract: 300 words

Declarations: Data availability, Funding, Ethics, Author contributions, Artificial intelligence

Format: Times New Roman, double spacing

Source transparency

This preparation guide uses published journal-specific author requirements. Journal instructions can change, so authors should complete a final review before submission.

Open official guideline source