Taylor & Francis

Prepare your manuscript for Journal of Arabian Studies.

Review the checklist, choose your article type, and turn your draft into a cleaner submission package.

Checked 2026-08-01

Check readiness free Prepare this manuscript

Article types

Review

Clinical Trial

Original Article

Book Review

Editorial

Letter

Commentary

Lectio

Protocol

Case Report

Systematic Review

Readiness requirements

Review the key details below, or download the complete checklist with every stored source-backed requirement.

Abstract length

Provide an author-written abstract of no more than 150 words.
Use a unstructured abstract.

Show 6 more

An abstract of around 150 words should precede the introduction, indented left and right by 0.5 cm.
Should contain an unstructured abstract of 150 words.
Trial registration numbers should be included in the abstract, with full details in the methods section.
Your abstract should focus on what your research is about, what methods have been used, and what you found out.
Use “ Abstract: ” in the first line.
The instructions for authors for each journal will give specific guidelines on what’s required here, including whether it should be a structured abstract or graphical abstract, and any word limits.

Keywords

Use “ Keywords: ” in the first line.

Reference style

Articlo formats your supplied references to the journal's stored style and checks that citations match the reference list; source validity is not verified.
Your manuscript should normally be between 7,000 and 10,000 words (not including references, bibliography, appendices, etc.).

Show 19 more

Footnotes: The first line should be indented by 0.5 cm, as shown in the citation examples above.
Bibliography: The second and subsequent lines of a reference should be indented by 0.5 cm, as shown in the citation examples above.
Bibliography: The second and subsequent lines of each reference should have a hanging indent of 0.5 cm / 0.2 inch.
Bibliography: List secondary sources (published and unpublished) under 2 Secondary sources (there should be one single list of secondary sources (do not list journal articles, book chapters, books, and other types of secondary sources under separate sections)).
You should seek permissions to reproduce tables and illustrations and appropriately reference them.
All citations and notes in the text should appear as footnotes.
Commentary: General rules: Citations within footnote text, such as quotations or commentary, should be placed in square brackets [like this].
General rules: In footnotes, only the first citation of a work should be given in full.
Page references should be preceded by a comma, not a colon.
Bibliography: Where more than one work is cited for an individual author, these works should be listed chronologically.
Bibliography: Where more than one work by the same author is listed, the author’s name should be indicated by six consecutive en-dashes, like this: ––––––.
Bibliography: Do not use abbreviations for titles of journals.
Readers should be able to interpret the table without reference to the text.
General rules: Foreign language titles of books, periodicals, chapters and articles should be followed by an English language translation in square brackets [like this] in the bibliography, but not in the footnotes.
General rules: Journal titles should be given in full in the bibliography; the acronym may only be used in the footnotes if it is very commonly used (such as, for instance, IJMES ).
Publication information: Citations in footnotes should only list the year of publication, not the publishing house, while references in the bibliography at the end of your manuscript should list full publishing details.
In citations where the date serves in place of a volume or issue number, such as newspaper articles, presentations, broadcasts, interviews, and correspondence, the date should not appear in brackets.
Review: The rest of your review should follow the house style in the sections above, except that if you use footnotes, these will include all the bibliographical information, and no separate bibliography is inserted after the review.
A declaration must be included within the submission stating: Confirmation the authors take full responsibility for the integrity of the whole content, including accuracy of references.

Figure and table rules

Keep every figure and table numbered, captioned, and cited in the manuscript. Keep figures embedded; Articlo also extracts numbered source files for the package.
Group figures at the end of the manuscript.

Show 21 more

Group tables at the end of the manuscript.
A typical paper for this journal should be between 7000 and 10000 words, inclusive of: Tables.
A typical paper for this journal should be between 7000 and 10000 words, inclusive of: Figure or table captions.
Numbers should normally be written in figures – except for numbers in the 1–9 range, which may, where appropriate, be written out in full.
Tables should be numbered by Roman numerals ( I, II, III ), while figures (illustrations) by Arabic numerals ( 1, 2, 3 ).
The figures inserted in your manuscript should be low-resolution versions of the originals so that your file does not exceed 1MB.
Figures should be high quality (1200 dpi for line art, 600 dpi for grayscale and 300 dpi for colour, at the correct size).
Tables and figures Show clearly in your article text where the tables and figures should appear, for example, by writing [Table 1 near here].
8”, volume numbers (“vol. 8”), edition numbers (“8 th edn”), percentages (“8%”), fractioned measurements (“8.2 miles”), currencies (“£8” and “$8 million”), etc. should always be written in figures.
For both Figures and Tables, captions that run to more than one line should be presented with a hanging indent, as follows: Figure 4: South Asian labor migrants visit the central commercial district of the Industrial Area in Qatar (Photograph by Deepin Giri).
When a “ Note ” or “Source” is added below a table or a figure, “ Note ” / ” Source ” should be italicized with a colon, and positioned in alignment with the text of the caption, as follows: Note: This table is based on interviews conducted in March 2012.
If your manuscript is accepted for publication, insert the captions for your Figures (pictures) and Tables where they should be in the text, then write FIGURE 1 NEAR HERE or TABLE 1 NEAR HERE.
The image files for Figures and some Tables should be saved in high resolution their original file format as separate files and named accordingly (Your-last-name – Figure 1.tiff).
Table captions should be left-justified above the table/figure.
Tables should include a key to symbols below the table.
Figure captions should be centered below the figure.
Figures should be saved separately from the text.
Tables should present new information rather than duplicating what is in the text.
It’s very important that you have been given permission to use any tables or figures you are reproducing from another source before you submit.
Figures should be supplied in one of our preferred file formats: PS, JPEG, TIFF, or Microsoft Word (DOC or DOCX) files are acceptable for figures that have been drawn in Word.
Check the instructions for authors to see how you should supply tables and figures, whether at the end of the text or in separate files, and follow any guidance given on the submission system.

Funding statement

You should declare only the acquired funds and grants that are directly relevant to the work reported in your article; for example, This work was supported by the [Funding Agency #1] under Grant [number xxxx]; [Funding Agency #2] under Grant [number xxxx]; and [Funding Agency #3] under Grant [number xxxx].

Competing interests

Include or confirm the competing interests required by the journal. Articlo checks this item and flags anything that still needs author input.

Data availability statement

Include or confirm the data availability statement required by the journal. Articlo checks this item and flags anything that still needs author input.

Ethics statement

Add or confirm the author-written Ethics statement; Articlo flags it if author input is still needed.
In settings where ethics approval for non-interventional studies (e.g. surveys) is not required, authors must include a statement to explain this.

Show 6 more

Authors should familiarise themselves with our policy on participant/patient privacy and informed consent.
Review: All original research papers involving humans, animals, plants, biological material, protected or non-public datasets, collections or sites, must include a written statement in the Methods section, confirming ethical approval has been obtained from the appropriate local ethics committee or Institutional Review Board and that where relevant, informed consent has been obtained.
Editorial: Consent All authors are required to follow the ICMJE requirements and Taylor & Francis Editorial Policies on privacy and informed consent from patients and study participants.
Authors must include a statement to confirm that any patient, service user, or participant (or that person’s parent or legal guardian) in any type of qualitative or quantitative research, has given informed consent to participate in the research.
Case Report: a clinical case report detailing their medical history, identifiable images or media content, etc), authors must include a statement to confirm that they have obtained written informed consent to publish the details from the affected individual (or their parents/guardians if the participant in not an adult or unable to give informed consent; or next of kin if the participant is deceased).
Case Report: For submissions where patients or participants can be potentially identified (e.g.

Blinded manuscript

Names of authors, editors, and interviewees: For interviews, always use the person’s full name (followed by his/her job title or other relevant description in brackets) in the footnotes. g., “Interview with Muhammad Ali (Director, HR, Bapco), Bahrain, 6 March 1998.” If interviews are anonymous or off the record, this needs to be stated.
If the former, it will be blind peer reviewed by at least two referees.

Cover letter

Using Third-Party Material You must obtain the necessary permission to reuse third-party material in your article.
Review: The use of short extracts of text and some other types of material is usually permitted, on a limited basis, for the purposes of criticism and review without securing formal permission.

Show 1 more

If you wish to include any material in your paper for which you do not hold copyright, and which is not covered by this informal agreement, you will need to obtain written permission from the copyright owner prior to submission.

Title page and author information

When you submit your manuscript, your email should include: your full name, job title, institutional affiliation, postal address, and manuscript title.
All authors of a manuscript should include their full name and affiliation on the cover page of the manuscript.

Show 1 more

One author will need to be identified as the corresponding author, with their email address normally displayed in the article PDF (depending on the journal) and the online article.

Article structure and word limits

If you would like to propose a special edition of the journal on a certain topic, please note that each issue of JAS should normally be between 82,000 and 91,000 words.
En-dashes (–) should be used for a span of time (1995–6, March–April, Monday–Tuesday), number quantities (1–44, 12:00–1:00), and page numbers (pp. 4–6).

Show 71 more

Date ranges should be written as: 10–19, 20–29, 20–30, 1901–02, 1911–19, 1920–29, 1950–60, 1990–2000, 2007–08.
Centuries should be written using numbers: e.g. 10 th century, 21 st century, etc.
Numbers over 999 should have a comma: e.g., £1,000 and 1,000 miles.
Page ranges should be written as follows, using an en-dash: 11–19, 20–29, 30–40, 111–119, 120–129.
Units over 999,999 should be written as $1 million, $1.5 million, $1 billion, $2.21 billion, etc.
For GRAYSCALE images, the format should be TIFF with a 400 dpi resolution or density.
For LINE DRAWINGS, the format should be TIFF with a 600 dpi resolution.
Letter: It is fine to submit an image a bit larger than the desired final size, but it should be no larger than an A4 / US letter sheet of paper.
Margins Margins should be at least 2.5cm (1 inch).
All indentations should be 0.5 cm.
It should be a maximum width of 525 pixels.
Review: These instructions will ensure we have everything required so your paper can move through peer review, production and publication smoothly.
Your article should make an original and scholarly contribution to your field of study.
Your article should not have been published elsewhere or be simultaneously considered for publication in another journal.
Your research funder or your institution may require you to publish your article open access.
Use our APC finder to view the APC for this journal.
All punctuation marks including periods should be followed by one space.
Your email subject line should contain the title of your manuscript only.
They should be numbered consecutively throughout the text.
General rules: Titles of books and journals/periodicals must be italicized.
General rules: Book-length monographs, including MA and PhD dissertations, should have their titles italicized.
For books, chapters in books, dissertations, and articles in journals, the date of publication should appear in brackets.
Note that this is different from volumes in a numbered book set, where the omission of “vol.” may cause confusion, and where it should therefore be included.
Hyphens (-) should be used to connect parts of compound nouns ( go-between, twenty-eight ) and compound adjectives (Kuwait-Saudi border, Anglo-Bahraini relations).
Em-dashes (—), with a space before and after, should be used to indicate a break in thought — as illustrated in this sentence, or in place of parenthesis: ().
Percentages should be written using “%”, not “percent”.
Do not include image files in the Word version of your article.
The resolution of your images must be sufficiently high for publication.
Each graphic should be sized no smaller than the physical size it should be in the journal.
If the images must appear in colour in the print version, this can be arranged, but will involve a cost.
ʿ ayn (ع) should, in the manuscript, be indicated as ʿ ayn using the find-and-replace function.
Hamza (ء) should be indicated using > in the manuscript to allow the type-setter to insert JAS’s special character for hamza using the find-and-replace function.
By contrast, the Arabic article “the” should be written as Al- or al- with a hyphen (as in al-Qāsimī and al-Bahārna).
Book and journal titles should be capitalized.
The second al- in the name of place or organization should not be capitalized, e.g. Ras al-Khaimah.
For all NIH/Welcome-funded papers, the grant number(s) must be included in the declaration of interest statement.
Clinical Trial: Clinical trials should be registered prospectively – i.e. before participant recruitment.
Editorial: Authors of retrospectively registered trials must be prepared to provide further information to the journal editorial office if requested.
Clinical Trial: The clinical trial registry should be publicly accessible (at no charge), open to all prospective registrants, and managed by a not-for-profit organization.
All research studies on humans (individuals, samples, or data) must have been performed in accordance with the principles stated in the Declaration of Helsinki.
Please include all relevant safety precautions; and cite any accepted standard or code of practice.
Before you submit your article, make sure you’ve checked the instructions for authors for your chosen journal, so you are aware of everything required.
Most journals create image descriptions during the production process, but a minority may require authors to provide image descriptions.
Review: Running heads and received dates These aren’t required when submitting a manuscript for review.
A declaration must be included within the submission stating: Originality and accuracy of content has been confirmed by the authors.
Authors must provide full methodological details and adhere to relevant reporting guidelines where applicable.
Authors must retain the original and revised versions which must be shared upon request.
The PLSP guidelines for authors must be followed at all times.
Your article must fall within the scope of the journal for it to be considered for publication: JAS publishes work in the humanities and social sciences pertaining the Arabian Peninsula, its surrounding waters, and their connections with the Western Indian Ocean (from West India to East Africa), from Antiquity to the present day.
Review / Book Review: Scholars interested in writing a book review for the journal should contact the book review editor, Jörg Matthias Determann, at jmdetermann@vcu.edu to discuss their proposal before formally submitting it through our system.
If “www” forms part of the URL, do not include “http://”.
Use two en-dashes to make an em-dash.
Do not use an apostrophe with years.
Do not use diacritics.
Ā l or A l (“the family of”, as used mainly in the Gulf and pronounced with a long Ā) should be written as “Āl” or “Al” without a hyphen (as in Āl Saʿūd, or Al Saʿud without diacritics).
Proper nouns should be capitalized.
Please use SI units (non-italicized).
Clinical Trial: Clinical Trials Registry In order to be published in a Taylor & Francis journal, all clinical trials must have been registered in a public repository, ideally at the beginning of the research process (prior to participant recruitment).
The process of obtaining consent to publish should include sharing the article with the individual (or whoever is consenting on their behalf), so that they are fully aware of the content of the article before it is published.
Special characters If you are preparing your manuscript in Microsoft Word and your article contains special characters, accents, or diacritics, we recommend you follow these steps: European accents (Greek, Hebrew, or Cyrillic letters, or phonetic symbols): choose Times New Roman font from the dropdown menu in the “Insert symbol” window and insert the character you require.
Special characters If you are preparing your manuscript in Microsoft Word and your article contains special characters, accents, or diacritics, we recommend you follow these steps: Asian languages (such as Sanskrit, Korean, Chinese, or Japanese): choose Arial Unicode font from the dropdown menu in the “Insert symbol” window and insert the character you require.
Please do not embed it in the manuscript file but save it as a separate file, labelled GraphicalAbstract1.
All Arabic, Turkish (modern or Ottoman), and Persian words should be transliterated with diacritical marks (macrons and dots), except the following: Place and country names that possess a Europeanized version, such as Saudi Arabia, Mecca, and Aden.
All transliterations should be italicized (in every instance), except the following: Proper nouns: e.g., the Qur’ān and Ḥadīth; the Sasanians and Al-Sabāḥ; Aden and Muscat.
Do not save your manuscript as a “read only” file.
Only if it has been accepted for publication do you need to ensure that it does conform to the house style.
Do not capitalise articles, prepositions and conjunctions (a, an, the, at, by, for, in, of, on, to, up, and, as, but, or, nor, during, across, from.).
If you are at the early stage of your research, you may also need to read how to start writing a journal manuscript.
Image descriptions are typically used by systems such as pronouncing screen readers to make images accessible to people that cannot read or see the object due to a visual disability.
Do not indent your bio.
Do not indent your Author’s note.

Reporting guidelines

Include or confirm the reporting guidelines required by the journal. Articlo checks this item and flags anything that still needs author input.

Preprints and prior publication

If you have shared an earlier version of your Author’s Original Manuscript on a preprint server, please be aware that anonymity cannot be guaranteed.

Artificial intelligence disclosure

Add or confirm the author-written Artificial intelligence statement; Articlo flags it if author input is still needed.
Please include a statement disclosing whether and how generative AI has been used in the research and manuscript preparation process.

Show 6 more

Use of AI tools as part of ethical research studies is permitted.
A declaration must be included within the submission stating: The name and version number of the AI tool used.
Systematic Review: Use of AI tools as part of ethically conducted literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analysis and bibliometrics studies is permitted.
Use of AI tool assisted plain language summaries (PLS) of authors own work is permitted.
Please read our guidance on using AI tools in your research and manuscript preparation to understand scenarios where their use may be permissible, and the required information that must be disclosed.
A declaration must be included within the submission stating: Confirmation the authors have checked terms of use for the specific AI tool used, and therefore confirm suitability for publication.

Manuscript structure

A typical paper for this journal should be between 7000 and 10000 words, inclusive of: Footnotes.
A typical paper for this journal should be between 7000 and 10000 words, inclusive of: Endnotes.

Show 11 more

Text: The first paragraph under a new section heading should not be indented; all subsequent paragraphs should be indented by 0.5 cm.
Section headings should be numbered and formatted as follows: 8 Section heading [14 font].
Since the South Asian numeric system of lakhs (Rs.1,00,000) and crores (Rs.10,00,000) is unfamiliar to many people, we recommend that you use the decimal system (Rs.100,000 and Rs.1,000,000) and include an explanation about this in a footnote to your first use of rupees.
It should clearly state your article’s aims, objectives, and results.
General rules: When a footnote to the same work follows after an interruption, use the author’s last name and a shortened main title of the work; do not use cit.
It should have clear aims with a principal thesis relevant to the journal’s readership, addressing research questions or problems and specifying a research context with a critical analysis and discussion.
Review: When you submit your article to JAS for consideration and peer review, please note that it does not yet need to conform to the journal’s house style listed in the sections below – although it will of course make subsequent editing easier if it is.
If your manuscript is accepted for publication, your acknowledgements section mentioning grant support, substantial assistance, etc. should be typed as an Author’s note below your bio and above the first footnote in the final draft.
Letter: Headings This will show you the different levels of the heading section in your article: First-level headings (e.g. Introduction, Conclusion) should be in bold, with an initial capital letter for any proper nouns.
Authors must retain full records of the methods undertaken, including full descriptions and records of the prompts used, which must be shared with the journal upon request.
Clinical Trial: However, for clinical trials that have not been registered prospectively, Taylor & Francis journals requires retrospective registration to ensure the transparent and complete dissemination of all clinical trial results which ultimately impact human health.

Authorship and originality

Preparing Your Paper All authors submitting to medicine, biomedicine, health sciences, allied and public health journals should conform to the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals, prepared by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE).

Article type and manuscript length

Footnotes should be in 12-point font and 1.5 spaced (like the main text), with the first line indented 0.5 cm.
Structure Your paper should be compiled in the following order: title page; abstract; keywords; main text introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion; acknowledgments; declaration of interest statement; references; appendices (as appropriate); table(s) with caption(s) (on individual pages); figures; figure captions (as a list).

Language and text style

A quotation less than 4 lines or 40 words should appear within double inverted commas “like this”.
Letter: Manuscripts must be submitted in MS Word, written in English, in either A4 or US Letter format, 12 point font text and footnotes, 1.5 spaced, with 2.5 cm / 1 inch margins.

Show 23 more

A quotation of 4+ lines or 40+ words should be placed in block quotation without quotation marks, as here: Block quotations are indented 0.5 cm / 0.5 inch along the left and right margins.
Please use single quotation marks, except where ‘a quotation is “within” a quotation’.
Please note that long quotations should be indented without quotation marks.
Spelling: JAS accepts all dialects of English (British, American, Canadian, Australian, etc.), but within each article usage should be consistent.
Titles of articles and chapters must be given in roman font, “in quotation marks”.
Letter: ‘Contraction’ abbreviations (where the first letter and last letter of a word are used): do not use a period at the end.
Initialisms and acronyms: do not use periods for well-known abbreviations like countries, institutions, and organizations.
Words and punctuation added to the original quotation should be contained within square brackets [like this].
Reign dates for rulers should be preceded by the abbreviation ‘r.’ + space.
Birth should be preceded by the abbreviation ‘b.’ + space.
Death should be preceded by the abbreviation ‘d.’ + space.
Headings This will show you the different levels of the heading section in your article: Fourth-level headings should be in bold italics, at the beginning of a paragraph.
Headings This will show you the different levels of the heading section in your article: Fifth-level headings should be in italics, at the beginning of a paragraph.
General rules: The final quotation mark of a title should precede the period, comma, semi-colon, or colon at the end of the article/chapter title or quotation, unless it forms part of the title or quotation.
The final quotation mark should precede the period, comma, semi-colon, or colon at the end of the article/chapter title or quotation, unless it forms part of the title or quotation.
Use only common era (AD) dates, unless quoting from an original source, in which case use the date given in the quotation with the AD date in square brackets immediately after.
Place and country names should conform to the most common spelling in English, without diacritics, e.g. Jeddah, Mecca, Muscat, Ras al-Khaimah, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Oman.
Letter: Headings This will show you the different levels of the heading section in your article: Second-level headings should be in bold italics, with an initial capital letter for any proper nouns.
Letter: Headings This will show you the different levels of the heading section in your article: Third-level headings should be in italics, with an initial capital letter for any proper nouns.
All transliterations should be italicized (in every instance), except the following: Well-known words that can be found in any unabridged English dictionary.
All Arabic, Turkish (modern or Ottoman), and Persian words should be transliterated with diacritical marks (macrons and dots), except the following: Names of authors of English-language publications.
All Arabic, Turkish (modern or Ottoman), and Persian words should be transliterated with diacritical marks (macrons and dots), except the following: Well-known words that can be found in any unabridged English dictionary.
Common Latin abbreviations or phrases commonly found in an English language dictionary: do not italicize.

Study reporting guidelines

For animal studies, approval must have been obtained from the local or institutional animal use and care committee.
Authors must provide full methodological details and adhere to relevant reporting guidelines where applicable (e.g. CONSORT-AI, STARD-AI, GAMER, TRIPOD-AI, etc).

Save journal and get updates Download complete checklist

What your package checks

Abstract: 150 words

Paper: 10,000 words

Declarations: Ethics, Artificial intelligence

Format: 12 pt, Times New Roman, 1.5-line spacing

Source transparency

This preparation guide uses published journal-specific author requirements. Journal instructions can change, so authors should complete a final review before submission.

Open official guideline source