Taylor & Francis

Prepare your manuscript for New Zealand Veterinary Journal.

Review the checklist, choose your article type, and turn your draft into a cleaner submission package.

Checked 2026-08-02

Check readiness free Prepare this manuscript

Article types

Review

Research Article

Brief Report

Review Article

Editorial

Clinical Trial

Protocol

Systematic Review

Case Report

Letter

Original Article

Lectio

Readiness requirements

Review the key details below, or download the complete checklist with every stored source-backed requirement.

Abstract length

Provide an author-written abstract of no more than 400 words.
Use a structured abstract.

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Should contain a structured abstract of no more than 400 words.
Review: Max words: 10,000 Max. figures and/or tables: 8 Internal headings: Flexible, but should include an abstract and keywords Notes: Reviews should have a clearly stated specific objective and scope and make a useful contribution to the advancement of the subject.
Research Article: Max. words: 8,500 Max. figures and/or tables: 8 Internal headings: Abstract, Introduction, Materials and methods, Results, Discussion, Acknowledgements and References Notes: Research Articles should be based on original research that makes a substantial contribution to veterinary science either through its novelty, elegance of execution or value in supporting existing theory.
Max. words: 3,500 Max. figures and/or tables: 4 Internal headings: Abstract, Introduction, Materials and methods, Results, Discussion, Acknowledgements and References Note: As above but for observations that, while valuable, are limited or preliminary because of factors such as sample size, sampling methodology, null findings, or design features that limit inference.
All non-standard abbreviations (see below) should be listed after the Abstract.
Non-standard abbreviations should be listed after the Abstract, and their meaning must be defined in the text when first used.
Keywords should reflect the important content of the manuscript that will be used by search engines to locate the article, and should also be included in the title and Abstract.
Names of organisms should be given in full when used in the Title and when first used in the Abstract or text; after first use, names of genera should be abbreviated as far as possible without causing confusion.
Publication elsewhere in the form of an abstract, extended summary or conference proceedings, or posting on a preprint server does not necessarily preclude publication in the NZVJ but should be declared at the time of submission.

Keywords

Keywords should reflect the important content of the manuscript that will be used by search engines to locate the article.
Unit descriptors should be placed under each column heading in parentheses and chosen to minimise the number of digits in each column.

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Research Article / Brief Report: Abstracts should contain the following internal sub-headings for Research Articles and Brief Reports: Aims, Methods, Results, Conclusions, Clinical relevance, and Keywords.

Reference style

Articlo formats your supplied references in Harvard style and checks that citations match the reference list; source validity is not verified.
LIC and DairyNZ, Hamilton, NZ, 2009 Avoid using abstracts as references, and do not use “unpublished data” or “personal communications” unless they exist in written form.

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In the text, citations should be listed in parentheses in chronological order, citing authors’ names, and using “et al.” after the first author’s name where there are more than two, e.g. (Jones 1994; Smith and Jones 1996; Smith et al. 2000).
In the References list, references must be in alphabetical order of the first author and include the names of all authors, except if there are more than 10 author names, in which case put “et al.” after the 10 th author and delete the remaining names.
Include a DOI if available, in the format https://doi.org/10[etc] rather than doi:10[etc].
If non-peer-reviewed references are cited, these should be less than 2 years old and clearly distinguished as such in the text by qualifying statements such as “preliminary data” or “non-peer- reviewed reports”.
Readers should be able to interpret the table without reference to the text.
Results should be presented concisely and logically without discussion or reference to other work.
Original Article: References The accuracy of references is the responsibility of authors, and references must be verified against the original article.
In general, no more than three citations should be included after a statement.
Do not use stops after the year, unless followed by a DOI.
In the References list, non-peer-reviewed articles should be preceded by an asterisk before the first author’s name, e.g. *Loth L, Stone M.
If they do, they may be referred to in the text, but should not appear in the References list.
Tables Tabular material should be included on separate pages after the References.
Tables must be numbered consecutively (Arabic numbers) in the order they are referred to and be understandable without reference to the text.
A reference list should be provided in the supplementary material for any references used therein.
Guidance on the appropriate reporting of the results from statistical tests can be found from the American Statistical Association at: https://amstat.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00031305.2016.1154108#.YjJmNnpBySS Do not use p-values (e.g. p < 0.05) to dichotomise significant and non-significant results.
Authors may not use their own previously published work without appropriate citation.
An EndNote style file for formatting NZVJ references is also available and can be obtained by contacting the Editorial Office at nzvj@vets.org.nz Format Titles should be short, specific and informative.
The generic name, dose and route of administration should be given for drugs, and the manufacturer’s name and location (city, state, and country) of drugs, reagents and specialised equipment used should be stated in parentheses on first reference.
References with the same first author should be listed in the order: (a) single author; (b) two authors alphabetically according to the name of the second author; (c) three or more authors, chronologically.
References to papers that have been accepted but not published should be cited as “in press”, whereas papers that have been submitted but not accepted should be referred to in the text as “unpublished data” and should not be included in the References list.
Upon acceptance, authors should acknowledge that the article has been accepted for publication in the NZVJ and update their preprint with the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) of the final, published article (the Version of Record).
A declaration must be included within the submission stating: Confirmation the authors take full responsibility for the integrity of the whole content, including accuracy of references.

Figure and table rules

Keep every figure and table numbered, captioned, and cited in the manuscript. Keep figures embedded; Articlo also extracts numbered source files for the package.
Group figures at the end of the manuscript.

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Group tables at the end of the manuscript.
Figures should be high quality (1200 dpi for line art, 600 dpi for grayscale and 300 dpi for colour, at the correct size).
Figures should be numbered consecutively using Arabic numerals in the order they are described in the text (e.g. “Figure 1”).
Figure captions should contain an explanation of all markers, lines and symbols used (i.e. the NZVJ Instructions for Authors 8 key), as well as all abbreviations.
The font for all text within the figure and axis labels should be sans-serif type (e.g. Arial) 7 point (equivalent to 2 mm height when printed).
Each figure, including each part of a figure, e.g. Figure 1a, Figure 1b, should be saved as a separate file, but do not add the labels (a, b, etc.) to the figure.
Each figure should preferably not exceed 10 MB per individual file.
Supplementary tables and figures must have a separate numbering system from that used for tables and figures in the print version e.g. “Supplementary Figure 1”.
Figures should be constructed exactly as the authors want them reproduced, at the final size for publication, e.g. single column width (88 mm) or double column width (185 mm).
The thickness of lines for bars (depicting scale) or for arrows should be 0.53 mm (1.5 point) at the final size the figure will be reproduced (e.g. single column width, as above).
Figures for publication should be supplied as separate high-resolution files, either EPS or TIFF (though JPEG, or PNG may be acceptable), with a minimum resolution of 300 (photo(micro) graphs) or 600 (line drawing or graphs) dpi.
Figures should be saved separately from the text.
Tables should present new information rather than duplicating what is in the text.
Please use the tables function in Word to create your tables and include at the end of the main document.
Tables and figure caption should be included in the main manuscript file.
Figures and supplementary material should be uploaded as separate files.
Data presented in tables and figures should not be repeated in the text.
Information in tables should not be repeated in the text.
Use horizontal lines to separate the table from the title and footnotes, and column headings from data.
Figures: for publication should be submitted in the highest quality format possible.
Any digital manipulation must be mentioned in the figure caption.
They should be uploaded as separate image files (with the figure number as the file name) or placed at the end of the manuscript on separate pages.
If figures are provided within the main document, separate image files will be required before acceptance.
Each caption should contain sufficient information that it stands alone from the text.
Authors should consult a recent issue of the NZVJ for examples of the presentation of Figures.
Do not include a box around, or gridlines within, the figure.
If figures require cropping or reorienting, this must be done prior to submission.
Figures should be supplied in one of our preferred file formats: PS, JPEG, TIFF, or Microsoft Word (DOC or DOCX) files are acceptable for figures that have been drawn in Word.
The title should be a single sentence placed above the table; additional explanatory information including non-standard abbreviations should appear as alphabetically ordered footnotes a b cross-referenced to the column entries.
Tables should be constructed using the Table function of a word processor or spreadsheet (Word or Excel preferred), with each entry in a separate cell; do not use tabs or line breaks within cells.
Authors wishing to include extracts or illustrations from other published works must obtain formal written permission from the copyright holder and, if they are not the authors of the reproduced material, it is recommended that permission of the authors also be sought.

Funding statement

Add or confirm the author-written Funding statement; Articlo flags it if author input is still needed.
You should declare only the acquired funds and grants that are directly relevant to the work reported in your article; for example, This work was supported by the [Funding Agency #1] under Grant [number xxxx]; [Funding Agency #2] under Grant [number xxxx]; and [Funding Agency #3] under Grant [number xxxx].

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Acknowledgements should be brief, and only include people who have made a direct contribution or provided material or financial support.
All sources of funding for the submitted research must be stated.
Acknowledgements: Notification of sources of funding and financial, conflicting or competing interests, third party support Submissions must be accompanied by clear disclosures from all authors of their affiliations, funding and financial or competing interests that may have bearing on the submission.
All sources of funding and financial support pertaining to the submitted research, including support in kind, must be stated explicitly in the Acknowledgements section of the manuscript.
Where funding or support has been provided from a commercial source or a conflict or competing interest exists, the role of the named parties in the experimental design, implementation, analysis, interpretation of results, reporting and decision to publish must be declared.
For article submissions, this statement must be included in the Methods or Acknowledgments section.” • Failure to disclose all sources of funding and financial, conflicting or competing interests is grounds for immediate rejection or retraction of submitted or published manuscripts or may result in publication of a notice of undisclosed competing conflict of interest, at the Editor’s discretion.

Competing interests

Add or confirm the author-written Competing interests statement; Articlo flags it if author input is still needed.
Add or confirm the author-written Conflict of interest statement; Articlo flags it if author input is still needed.

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All authors must disclose any financial holdings, professional affiliations, advisory positions, board memberships, patent applications/holdings, or possible conflicts or competing interests that may bear relation to the submitted work.
Authors who choose to post their work on a preprint server should choose one that clearly identifies preprints as not peer- reviewed work and includes statements of conflicts of interest.

Ethics statement

Add or confirm the author-written Ethics statement; Articlo flags it if author input is still needed.
Animal welfare and medical ethics All material published in the NZVJ must adhere to high ethical standards.

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Authors must include a statement in the Materials and Methods section that all procedures involving the experimental use of animals were approved by an animal ethics committee, or equivalent, where relevant.
To be considered for publication, authors must include a statement in the Materials and Methods section that all procedures involving the experimental use of animals were approved by an animal ethics committee (AEC), or equivalent, where relevant.
All research involving either the participation of humans, or where the research impacts on human individuals, groups or communities (e.g. questionnaires), must be approved by an accredited human ethics committee or a body recognised as providing a robust, independent review process, unless such participation has been assessed as low risk.

Cover letter

Using Third-Party Material You must obtain the necessary permission to reuse third-party material in your article.
The use of short extracts of text and some other types of material is usually permitted, on a limited basis, for the purposes of criticism and review without securing formal permission.

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If you wish to include any material in your paper for which you do not hold copyright, and which is not covered by this informal agreement, you will need to obtain written permission from the copyright owner prior to submission.

Supplementary files

Lectio: Include every cited supplementary file and use matching labels in the manuscript.
Letter: Include every cited supplementary file and use matching labels in the manuscript.

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Review: Include every cited supplementary file and use matching labels in the manuscript.
Protocol: Include every cited supplementary file and use matching labels in the manuscript.
Editorial: Include every cited supplementary file and use matching labels in the manuscript.
Case Report: Include every cited supplementary file and use matching labels in the manuscript.
Brief Report: Include every cited supplementary file and use matching labels in the manuscript.
Clinical Trial: Include every cited supplementary file and use matching labels in the manuscript.
Review Article: Include every cited supplementary file and use matching labels in the manuscript.
Original Article: Include every cited supplementary file and use matching labels in the manuscript.
Research Article: Include every cited supplementary file and use matching labels in the manuscript.
Embed or attach the author-supplied supplementary material so Articlo can extract and label it for the package.
Supplementary information should be submitted at the same time as the manuscript and will be subject to peer-review and editorial scrutiny.
A copy of the questionnaire should be provided as Supplementary Information (see above).
Complex procedures should be referenced and Supplementary Information may be used to explain the structure of complicated statistical models or processes that may be less familiar to a general veterinary audience.
Material directly relevant to the conclusion of a paper that cannot be included in the printed version for reasons of space, e.g. survey questionnaires, may be supplied as Supplementary information to be made available online only.
Supplementary Information Supplementary information (SI) is material directly relevant to the conclusion of a paper that cannot be included in the printed version for reasons of space, e.g. survey questionnaires.

Title page and author information

Alphabetic superscripts should be used after each author’s name to identify their affiliation, address, and the author for correspondence ( § ), on the first page.
A statement should be included in the results section to confirm that the underlying assumptions (briefly describe these) of the statistical models used have been met, and the action taken if these assumptions were violated. NZVJ Instructions for Authors 10 Proofs and reprints Proofs A typeset copy of each accepted article will be sent to the corresponding author for proof-reading.

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All authors of a manuscript should include their full name and affiliation on the first page of the manuscript.
https://authorservices.taylorandfrancis.com/choose-open/publishing-open-access/oa-agreements/ https://www.tandfonline.com/openaccess/members?pageSize=10&subjectTitle=&startPage=3 When you submit your article, if you believe you may be eligible for Open Access publishing under one of these agreements, please assign the role of ‘Corresponding Author’ to a coauthor who is affiliated with an eligible institution.
Organisational affiliations of all authors including academic, corporate and other commercial affiliations that have any bearing on the study must be listed in the Acknowledgements section or included in affiliations listed for each author as footnotes on the title page.
One author will need to be identified as the corresponding author, with their email address normally displayed in the article PDF and the online article.
NZVJ’s publisher, Taylor & Francis, has such agreements in place in a number of countries, including New Zealand and Australia.
You will need to give their physical and email addresses at that institution as their primary affiliation details.

Article structure and word limits

If since then any author has moved elsewhere, their current address should also be given, and a superscript symbol (*†‡#) used to identify the author in question.
Authors are required to pay the cost of printing colour drawings and photographs at a cost of $NZ540 per page.

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Abstracts should be ≤ 400 words in length, brief and informative when read in isolation from the article.
Actual probability values should be given, to 2 or 3 decimal places, wherever possible (e.g. “p = 0.011” rather than “p < 0.05”) except where p < 0.001.
A decimal point must always be preceded by a numeral, e.g. “0.5”, not “.5”; do not use a comma, i.e. not 0,5.
Numbers ≥ 1,000 should include a comma. NZVJ Instructions for Authors 5 Quantities.
Surveillance 32 (1), 3–6, 2005 When referencing a website, the data provided must be substantiated, and you should be personally satisfied that the data are defensible.
Authors are required to pay the cost of printing colour images at a cost of $NZ540 per page.
The thickness of all lines including axes, tick marks, whiskers, and connecting lines between datapoints should be 0.2 mm (0.57 point) Axis labels.
Any lettering or numbers within a photomicrograph, radiograph or photograph should be lower case sans-serif type (e.g. Arial) 10 point.
Percentages should not be presented with decimal places unless n > 100, and should always indicate the numerator and denominator, e.g. 10/40 (25%).
Exact p-values should be reported to two or three decimal places when between 0.01 and 0.05, and to three decimal places when between 0.010 and 0.001.
P- values < 0.001 should be reported as such.
Measures of effect with 95% CI should be presented alongside p-values.
Interpretation of hypothesis tests should consider study power, type-1 error rate (e.g. 0.05), sample size, the size of the effect with CI and biological significance.
Multiple comparisons (whether between groups or of multiple outcome variables) require the use of an appropriate adjustment to control type-1 error.
It should be a maximum width of 525 pixels.
Use the 24-hour clock for times of day.
Authors should refrain from excessive fragmentation of work resulting in multiple publications from one study. NZVJ Instructions for Authors 12 Please note that the NZVJ uses CrossCheck™ software to screen papers for unoriginal material.
These instructions will ensure we have everything required so your paper can move through peer review, production and publication smoothly.
Your research funder or your institution may require you to publish your article open access.
Use our APC finder to view the APC for this journal.
Formatting Papers should be submitted in Word format.
All experimental work involving live animals must comply with relevant international, national, and/or institutional guidelines and legal requirements.
Please indicate on submission if you require colour printing.
Queries Should you have any queries, please visit our Author Services website or contact us here.
Submission of manuscripts Authors should submit their manuscripts online using the Taylor & Francis Submission Portal.
All submissions must include an electronic version of the manuscript text as a Word document.
Review: Narrative reviews should present a critical assessment of the published literature rather than just summarising it.
The subject should have relevance to the veterinary and/or animal science communities in New Zealand.
Use initials (without stops) and surnames only, separated by commas.
The addresses for authors should be those at the time the work was undertaken.
Thereafter, only generic names should be used.
Iwi that are consulted on study design or provided other advice should be acknowledged.
Scientific names at all taxonomic ranks should be italicised.
In addition, all chemical elements, common chemical formulae, SI and units of measure used with a value should be used without definition.
They should not be used if they are in any way ambiguous.
For international units, “IU” should be used; “U” should be used for enzyme activity.
Units of length, weight and volume should be given in lower case, although upper case L for litre (e.g. kg, mg/L).
The letters a, b, c, etc. should be appended to the year for papers published by the same authors in the same year.
Authors’ names should be in bold, with no stops between initials.
The authors’ names should be provided wherever possible, although organisation names or acronyms are allowed.
Tick marks should face outwards, and titles for axes should run parallel to their axes, left to right and bottom to top, using capital letters for the first word only.
If more symbols are required, ensure their shape is different enough that they are still distinct when overlapping occurs.
Lines should not be visible within symbols or bars.
Bar scales should be used on photo(micro)graphs and diagrams; magnifications should only be stated for electron photomicrographs.
It must be related to and add to the content of the article.
SI is not copy-edited so authors should ensure that it is clearly and succinctly presented, and that the style conforms with the rest of the paper.
Each piece of SI should be referred to in the print version of the paper at an appropriate point in the text.
Two-sided tests should be used unless a strong argument is presented to justify a one-sided test.
Data should be tested to ensure these assumptions are met.
Possible correlation between outcome measurements, and co-linearity between explanatory variables in observational studies should be evaluated.
Observations that are inconsistent with the overall data (‘outliers’) should not be excluded without clear justification, and any omissions should be documented.
For ordered qualitative data that do not approximate to a continuous linear measure, the use of means and SE or SD is invalid, and proportions should be stated.
For comparative studies, CI for observed differences should be reported rather than separate CI for each comparison group.
Use the following format: e.g. mean 14.2 (SD 7.4) or mean 14.2 (SEM 1.9) rather than 14.2 ± 7.4.
Means should not be presented to more than one decimal place more than the raw data.
It must also conform with the ethical standards described in the Good Practice Guide for the Use of Animals in Research, Testing and Teaching.
If there is any doubt about whether AEC approval is required, the local AEC should be consulted.
Authors should refer to the MERIDIAN website, which presents guidelines for reporting research studies that involve animals.
Authors should research the appropriate words to use in presenting their work and seek advice from the parties concerned as well as experts and community leaders.
It acknowledges diversity of form and thought and at all times should convey respect and a desire to understand another’s point of view.
Written material should be free from bias and avoid the use of slang.
Generalisations that group individuals together on the basis of shared physical, cultural, religious, ethnic or other characteristics should be avoided.
Where possible, gendered pronouns should be replaced with generic classifiers that are independent of gender orientation such as “veterinarians”.
Acknowledgement of third-party support not covered within these categories should consist of a brief description of the support received and an expression of gratitude.
A declaration must be included within the submission stating: Originality and accuracy of content has been confirmed by the authors.
Authors must provide full methodological details and adhere to relevant reporting guidelines where applicable.
Authors must retain the original and revised versions which must be shared upon request.
The PLSP guidelines for authors must be followed at all times.
Please take the time to download, read and follow these instructions carefully; doing so will ensure your paper matches the journal’s requirements and we have everything required so that your paper can move through peer review, production and publication smoothly as possible.
Please use SI units (non-italicised).
Topics should be relevant to New Zealand veterinary and animal science communities, and include the disciplines of infectious disease, medicine, surgery and the health, management and welfare of production and companion animals, horses and New Zealand wildlife, as well as veterinary education and training, and the role of veterinarians in society.
Authors using significant amounts of historical data (e.g. medical records, radiology reports, pathology reports) in their research should strongly consider consulting a specialist in the relevant field (if their authorial team does not include one) to ensure that their interpretation of the data is accurate and current.
Brief Report: Brief Report: As above but for observations that, while valuable, are limited or preliminary because of factors such as sample size, sampling methodology, null findings, or design features that limit inference.
This should set the study in context by briefly reviewing relevant knowledge, providing the rationale for the study, and should end with a clear and concise statement of the study’s aims.
All measurements should be reported in SI units or their decimal multiples, unless it is normal practice in a discipline to use derivatives, e.g. the international unit and the Curie.
Authors are specifically discouraged from citing their own publications in non-peer-reviewed sources; such data should be cited as “unpublished” or original data presented.
Please provide the full title of the work, its full URL so that the exact information being referred to can be accessed, most recent date the website was accessed, and the name of the organisation publishing the website.
Do not use vertical lines.
For example, if three colours are required, a dark shade, a light shade and a medium shade of the same colour (or different colours) are easier to distinguish in greyscale than three medium shades of different colours.
Do not use three-dimensional bar charts.
For experiments or field trials, the source and number of subjects (animals, groups, farms) in the study, the process for their selection and specific criteria for inclusion/exclusion must be stated.
If measurements are not independent (e.g. repeated measures on an individual animal, animals clustered in pens or flocks), appropriate measures should be taken to account for clustering.
Measures of central tendency (e.g. mean, median) must be accompanied by measures of variation among individuals (e.g. SD, IQR) or precision for population estimates (e.g. SEM).
Participant confidentially must be ensured.
Please do not embed it in the manuscript file but save it as a separate file, labelled GraphicalAbstract1.
Systematic Review: Systematic reviews, in addition to following a clear protocol, should also include critical assessment.
The following must be clearly described: Selection of subjects.
Please do not try to upload your text as a PDF file.
Do not conduct post-hoc retrospective power analyses based on the observations from the same study.
Image descriptions are typically used by systems such as pronouncing screen readers to make images accessible to people that cannot read or see the object due to a visual disability.
Adjustments of brightness, contrast or colour balance are acceptable if they are applied to the whole image and as long as they do not obscure, eliminate or misrepresent any information present in the original.
Authors are advised that views expressed in the NZVJ do not necessarily represent those of the NZVA or the editors, and neither the NZVA nor the editors endorse any products or services advertised.

Reporting guidelines

Include or confirm the reporting guidelines required by the journal. Articlo checks this item and flags anything that still needs author input.

Statistical reporting

Details of software packages used should be identified by name, version and supplier, e.g. R v2.9.1 (R Development Core Team, 2009; R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria), SAS v9.1 (2003, SAS Institute Inc., Cary NC, USA).
There should be a clear and logical narrative thread documenting the variables of interest and the statistical methods employed to assess these.

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If transformation of data is used to meet the assumptions of a statistical method, it should be verified that the required effect has been achieved.
For all comparisons, CI must be presented for population parameters, and estimates of effect such as OR and RR presented together with the relevant p-value.
Details of all statistical methods used must be given at the end of this section under the sub-heading “Statistical analyses”, and should include adequate detail to allow readers to determine precisely how data have been analysed and presented.

Preprints and prior publication

If you have shared an earlier version of your Author’s Original Manuscript on a preprint server, please be aware that anonymity cannot be guaranteed.

Artificial intelligence disclosure

Add or confirm the author-written Artificial intelligence statement; Articlo flags it if author input is still needed.
If you use any AI tools in the preparation of your manuscript, please ensure that such use complies with Taylor & Francis’ AI Policy.

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Please include a statement disclosing whether and how generative AI has been used in the research and manuscript preparation process.
Authors should comply with Taylor & Francis’s policy on the use of artificial intelligence and ensure that any use of AI is clearly acknowledged in their manuscript.
Generative AI tools should not be listed as an author, as per Taylor & Francis’ AI Policy.
Use of AI tools as part of ethical research studies is permitted.
A declaration must be included within the submission stating: The name and version number of the AI tool used.
Systematic Review: Use of AI tools as part of ethically conducted literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analysis and bibliometrics studies is permitted.
Use of AI tool assisted plain language summaries (PLS) of authors own work is permitted.
Please read our guidance on using AI tools in your research and manuscript preparation to understand scenarios where their use may be permissible, and the required information that must be disclosed.
As per Taylor & Francis’ AI Policy, “authors must clearly acknowledge within the article or book any use of Generative AI tools through a statement which includes: the full name of the tool used (with version number), how it was used, and the reason for use.
A declaration must be included within the submission stating: Confirmation the authors have checked terms of use for the specific AI tool used, and therefore confirm suitability for publication.

Article type and manuscript length

The statistical analysis section should take up no more than 20% of the total word count of the manuscript.
Please submit these articles via the Submission Portal using article type ‘Note’.

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Footnotes should only be used in the main text to indicate the address of people cited as personal communications.
Preparing Your Paper Structure Your paper should be compiled in the following order: title, author, author's affiliations; abstract; keywords; abbreviations; main text with introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion; acknowledgments; declaration of interest statement; references; table(s) with caption(s) (on individual pages); figures; figure captions (as a list).

Manuscript structure

Materials and methods should contain sufficient detail to allow others to repeat the study.
Discussion should evaluate and interpret the results and relate these to other relevant studies.

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Do not use underlining and do not number sub-headings or use itemised lists.
A pers. comm. should be a numbered footnote including the author’s initials and last name, followed by workplace name, city and country.
Only the first letter of column or row headings should be capitalised.
If stratification, blocking, or matching are involved, these should be clearly described and considered in the analysis and results.
Presentation All items referred to in Materials and Methods should be presented in Results and vice versa.
Numerical results should be presented with appropriate precision.
Instead of materials and methods, results and discussion, Clinical Studies should include case history, clinical findings, pathological and/or laboratory findings, [and treatment and outcome].
Analytical methods should be appropriate for the design of the study, and the unit of analysis (e.g. individual animal, group, farm, etc.), outcome variables and potential independent variables stated unambiguously together with their classification (numerical: continuous or integer; categorical: nominal or ordinal etc.).
Authors must retain full records of the methods undertaken, including full descriptions and records of the prompts used, which must be shared with the journal upon request.
Where the target population is NZVJ Instructions for Authors 9 unknown conclusions cannot be extrapolated beyond the sample population.
Abstracts should contain the following internal sub-headings for scientific articles and short communications: Aims, Methods, Results, Conclusions, Clinical Relevance, and Key Words.
Do not repeat or present new results in this section.

Language and text style

Manuscripts must 1 Information correct at 13 June 2025 NZVJ Instructions for Authors 3 be written in English of a high standard and are expected to have been peer-reviewed for scientific content and correctness of language and presentation prior to submission.
ATP Adenosine triphosphate bp Base pair cfu Colony forming units CT Computed tomography DM Dry matter DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid EDTA Ethylene diamino tetra-acetate ELISA Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay epg Eggs per gram of faeces H&E Haematoxylin and eosin HPLC High performance liquid chromatography Ig Immunoglobulin IM Intramuscular(ly) IV Intravenous(ly) MRI Magnetic resonance imaging mRNA Messenger ribonucleic acid NZ New Zealand PCR Polymerase chain reaction RNA Ribonucleic acid rpm Revolutions per minute rRNA Ribosomal ribonucleic acid SC Subcutaneous(ly) UK United Kingdom USA United States of America Statistical terms ANOVA Analysis of variance CI Confidence intervals CV Coefficients of variation df Degrees of freedom GLM Generalised linear model HR Hazard ratio IQR Inter-quartile range LSD Least significant difference LSM Least squares means n Number of samples OR Odds ratio r Correlation coefficient R 2 Coefficient of determination RR Relative risk NZVJ Instructions for Authors 6 SD Standard deviation SE Standard error SED Standard error of the difference SEM Standard error of the mean χ2 Chi-squared The use of other abbreviations should be limited as much as possible.

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Do not use trade names, abbreviations or acronyms in the title.
All biotica should be identified by their scientific names when the English term is first used, with the exception of common domestic animals.
Journal titles and names of books should be in italics, in full (not abbreviated).
Plural abbreviations do not require “s”.
Please note that the correct terms list must be loaded into EndNote in order for it to correctly format journal names, see https://support.clarivate.com/Endnote/s/article/EndNote-20-Generate-full-or-abbreviated-journal-names?language=en_US Use the following examples as a guide: For journal articles: Pomroy WE, Charleston WAG, West DM.

Study reporting guidelines

Studies using client-owned animals must be performed with informed client consent and demonstrate a high standard of veterinary care.
Authors must provide full methodological details and adhere to relevant reporting guidelines where applicable (e.g. CONSORT-AI, STARD-AI, GAMER, TRIPOD-AI, etc).

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Care should be taken to develop the Discussion in a logical and concise manner, and it should end with a statement of conclusions and brief summary of the clinical relevance of your findings, where applicable.

Authorship and originality

Specific policies Authorship All authors should meet all the following criteria to qualify for authorship, as recommended by the ICJME: • Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work; and • Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content; and • Final approval of the version to be published; and • Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

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What your package checks

Abstract: 400 words

References: Harvard

Declarations: Funding, Competing interests, Conflict of interest, Ethics, Acknowledgements, Artificial intelligence

Source transparency

This preparation guide uses published journal-specific author requirements. Journal instructions can change, so authors should complete a final review before submission.

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