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Taylor & Francis

Prepare your manuscript for Pharmaceutical Biology.

Review the checklist, choose your article type, and turn your draft into a cleaner submission package.

Checked 2026-08-02
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Article types

Review
Clinical Trial
Research Article
Review Article
Commentary
Data Note
Editorial
Letter to the Editor
Registered Report
Lectio
Systematic Review
Protocol
Methods Article
Case Report

Readiness requirements

Review the key details below, or download the complete checklist with every stored source-backed requirement.

Abstract length

  • Provide an author-written abstract of no more than 250 words.
  • Use a unstructured abstract.
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  • Should contain a structured abstract of 250 words.
  • Should contain a structured abstract of no more than 250 words containing a defined Background, Objective, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion and Conclusion.
  • Should be no more than 3000 words, inclusive of: Abstract.
  • Should contain a structured abstract of no more than 250 words containing Background, Objective, Materials and methods, Results, Discussion and Conclusion.
  • Should contain an unstructured abstract of 250 words.
  • Should be between 2500 and 4000 words, inclusive of: Abstract.
  • Should contain a structured abstract of 200 words.
  • Should contain an unstructured abstract of 200 words.
  • Should be between 3500 and 5000 words, inclusive of: Abstract.
  • Should be no more than 3,500 words for Stage 1 reports and no more than 5,000 words for Stage 2, inclusive of the Abstract, Tables, References, Figure Captions, footnotes, and endnotes.
  • Botanical nomenclature should be consistent with Index Kewensis and include Latin binomial, authority, and family at first mention in the abstract and in the text.
  • The abstract structure should be as follows: Introduction, Methods, Results and Discussion.
  • Trial registration numbers should be included in the abstract, with full details in the methods section.
  • There are no strict formatting requirements, but all manuscripts must contain the essential elements needed to evaluate a manuscript: abstract, author affiliation, figures, tables, funder information, and references.
  • Should be written with the following elements in the following order: Title page, Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusions, Acknowledgments, Ethical approval, Declaration of Interest Statement, Author Contributions statement, Data Availability Statement, References, Appendices (as appropriate), Table(s) with caption(s) (on individual pages), Figures, Figure captions (as a list).
  • Should be written with the following elements in the following order: Title page, Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, Discussion, Conclusions, Acknowledgments, Declaration of Interest Statement, Author Contributions Statement, Data Availability Statement, References, Appendices (as appropriate), Table(s) with caption(s) (on individual pages), Figures, and Figure captions (as a list).
  • Systematic Review: Systematic Reviews: Should follow the PRISMA guideline for systematic reviews and include the following elements in the following order: Title page, Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusions, Acknowledgments, Declaration of Interest statement, Author Contributions statement, Data Availability Statement, References, Appendices (as appropriate), Table(s) with caption(s) (on individual pages), Figures, Figure captions (as a list) and a PRISMA checklist.
  • Should be written with the following elements in the following order: Title Page, Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, Discussion, Conclusion, Acknowledgements, Declaration of Interest Statement, Author Contributions Statement, Data Availability Statement, References, Appendices (as appropriate), Table(s) with caption(s) (on individual pages), Figures, and Figure captions (as a list).
  • Should be written with the following elements in the following order: Title page, Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusions, Acknowledgments, Declaration of Interest statement, Author Contributions statement, Data Availability Statement, References, Appendices (as appropriate), Table(s) with caption(s) (on individual pages), Figures, and Figure captions (as a list).

Keywords

  • Provide 3-5 keywords chosen by the author.
  • Should contain between 3 and 5 keywords.
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  • Should contain between 3 and 6 keywords.
  • Should contain between 5 and 10 keywords.
  • Should contain no more than 6 keywords.

Reference style

  • Articlo formats your supplied references to the journal's stored style and checks that citations match the reference list; source validity is not verified.
  • Should be no more than 3000 words, inclusive of: References.
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  • Should be between 2500 and 4000 words, inclusive of: References.
  • Should be no more than 1000 words, inclusive of: References.
  • The letter should be no more than 1,000 words including up to 5 references (one of which should be the journal article).
  • Should be between 3500 and 5000 words, inclusive of: References.
  • For manuscripts submitted in LaTeX format a.bib reference file must be included.
  • All bibliographic entries must contain a corresponding in-text citation.
  • Readers should be able to interpret the table without reference to the text.
  • If you reply yes, you will be required to provide the DOI, pre-registered DOI, hyperlink, or other persistent identifier associated with the data set(s).
  • The DAS should include the hyperlink, DOI or other persistent identifier associated with the data set(s), or information on how the data can be requested from the authors.
  • A declaration must be included within the submission stating: Confirmation the authors take full responsibility for the integrity of the whole content, including accuracy of references.

Figure and table rules

  • Keep every figure and table numbered, captioned, and cited in the manuscript.
  • Should be no more than 3000 words, inclusive of: Tables.
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  • Should be no more than 3000 words, inclusive of: Figure or table captions.
  • Should be between 2500 and 4000 words, inclusive of: Tables.
  • Should be between 2500 and 4000 words, inclusive of: Figure or table captions.
  • Should be between 3500 and 5000 words, inclusive of: Tables.
  • Should be between 3500 and 5000 words, inclusive of: Figure or table captions.
  • Figures should be high quality (1200 dpi for line art, 600 dpi for grayscale and 300 dpi for colour, at the correct size).
  • Figures should be of sufficient resolution to enable refereeing.
  • Tables should present new information rather than duplicating what is in the text.
  • Figures should be supplied in one of our preferred file formats: PS, JPEG, TIFF, or Microsoft Word (DOC or DOCX) files are acceptable for figures that have been drawn in Word.

Funding statement

  • You should declare only the acquired funds and grants that are directly relevant to the work reported in your article; for example, This work was supported by the [Funding Agency #1] under Grant [number xxxx]; [Funding Agency #2] under Grant [number xxxx]; and [Funding Agency #3] under Grant [number xxxx].

Competing interests

  • Include or confirm the competing interests required by the journal. Articlo checks this item and flags anything that still needs author input.

Data availability statement

  • Add or confirm the author-written Data availability statement; Articlo flags it if author input is still needed.
  • Data Note: Further to the data sharing policy for the journal, Data Note submissions must include a data availability statement and describe data available via a repository.
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  • Authors are required to provide a data availability statement, detailing where data associated with a paper can be found and how it can be accessed.
  • If data cannot be made open, authors should state why in the data availability statement.
  • Authors are required to cite any data sets referenced in the article and provide a Data Availability Statement.

Ethics statement

  • Add or confirm the author-written Ethics statement; Articlo flags it if author input is still needed.
  • In settings where ethics approval for non-interventional studies (e.g. surveys) is not required, authors must include a statement to explain this.
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  • Authors should familiarise themselves with our policy on participant/patient privacy and informed consent.
  • In the Materials and Methods section, the authors should clarify whether the study is part of a larger study that may result/has resulted in multiple related publications under one overarching Ethics Approval or if the Ethics Approval obtained is solely for the research published in this article.
  • All original research papers involving humans, animals, plants, biological material, protected or non-public datasets, collections or sites, must include a written statement in the Methods section, confirming ethical approval has been obtained from the appropriate local ethics committee or Institutional Review Board and that where relevant, informed consent has been obtained.
  • Consent All authors are required to follow the ICMJE requirements and Taylor & Francis Editorial Policies on privacy and informed consent from patients and study participants.
  • Authors must include a statement to confirm that any patient, service user, or participant (or that person’s parent or legal guardian) in any type of qualitative or quantitative research, has given informed consent to participate in the research.
  • Case Report: a clinical case report detailing their medical history, identifiable images or media content, etc), authors must include a statement to confirm that they have obtained written informed consent to publish the details from the affected individual (or their parents/guardians if the participant in not an adult or unable to give informed consent; or next of kin if the participant is deceased).
  • Case Report: For submissions where patients or participants can be potentially identified (e.g.

Cover letter

  • Using Third-Party Material You must obtain the necessary permission to reuse third-party material in your article.
  • The use of short extracts of text and some other types of material is usually permitted, on a limited basis, for the purposes of criticism and review without securing formal permission.
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  • If you wish to include any material in your paper for which you do not hold copyright, and which is not covered by this informal agreement, you will need to obtain written permission from the copyright owner prior to submission.

Author contributions

  • Add or confirm the author-written Author contributions statement; Articlo flags it if author input is still needed.
  • Submitting authors should be prepared to submit CRediT roles for themselves and their co-authors (where applicable) as part of the submission process.

Title page and author information

  • All authors of a manuscript should include their full name and affiliation on the cover page of the manuscript.
  • One author will need to be identified as the corresponding author, with their email address normally displayed in the article PDF (depending on the journal) and the online article.

Article structure and word limits

  • Letters must be submitted within 3 months of the article’s publication date.
  • For dose-dependent studies: when outcomes at adjacent doses are similar or fall within overlapping 95% confidence intervals, they should not be interpreted or reported as demonstrating a dose-dependent effect.
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  • Should be no more than 3000 words.
  • Should be no more than 3,000 words.
  • Should be between 2,500 and 4,000 words.
  • These instructions will ensure we have everything required so your paper can move through peer review, production and publication smoothly.
  • Should you have any queries, please visit our Author Services website or contact us here.
  • Please note that discounts must be applied at the Charges stage of the submission process when the APC quote is confirmed and may not be considered after submission.
  • Research Article: Research articles should report full-length scientific investigations that contribute new knowledge or refine existing understanding.
  • Authors should ensure that the characterization is appropriate, validated, and sufficiently detailed to support the interpretation and reproducibility of the study.
  • Review: Such studies should be supported by experimental validation or integrated within a broader, hypothesis-driven investigation to be eligible for review.
  • Any limitations of the datasets should be discussed.
  • Submissions of experimental research involving animals should include details on housing, husbandry and steps taken to reduce suffering.
  • In submissions describing the sacrifice of experimental animals, details should be provided on humane endpoints.
  • First mention of a Latin binomial should be identified by authority and family.
  • Catalogue numbers should be provided for all materials and reagents used in the study.
  • All photographs of tumours must include a ruler.
  • MIC data should be provided for all antimicrobial studies.
  • For studies employing flow cytometry analysis: gating strategy and cell cycling information are required.
  • Gating and rationale for choice of gating should be explained.
  • Review / Review Article: Review articles should present comprehensive summaries and analysis of previous research on a specific research area/topic.
  • These must include adequate and appropriate validation to be considered.
  • Any datasets associated with the paper must publish all experimental controls and make full datasets available where possible.
  • If there are concerns about identifying factors in datasets, these should be discussed with the Editor-in-Chief prior to submission.
  • This is not required for submission but is encouraged.
  • The letter should provide a useful and objective critique of an article published in the journal, usually warranting a response from the original authors.
  • The letter should not include any original research.
  • Expressions of interest should be communicated to the Editor in Chief.
  • Note that, regardless of the file format of the original submission, an editable version of the article must be supplied at the revision stage.
  • For all NIH/Welcome-funded papers, the grant number(s) must be included in the declaration of interest statement.
  • Clinical Trial: Clinical trials should be registered prospectively – i.e. before participant recruitment.
  • Authors of retrospectively registered trials must be prepared to provide further information to the journal editorial office if requested.
  • Clinical Trial: The clinical trial registry should be publicly accessible (at no charge), open to all prospective registrants, and managed by a not-for-profit organization.
  • All research studies on humans (individuals, samples, or data) must have been performed in accordance with the principles stated in the Declaration of Helsinki.
  • Please include all relevant safety precautions; and cite any accepted standard or code of practice.
  • A declaration must be included within the submission stating: Originality and accuracy of content has been confirmed by the authors.
  • Authors must provide full methodological details and adhere to relevant reporting guidelines where applicable.
  • Authors must retain the original and revised versions which must be shared upon request.
  • The PLSP guidelines for authors must be followed at all times.
  • Manuscripts reporting findings on herbal extracts should include phytochemical characterization of the plant materials used (for e.g. HPLC fingerprinting analysis or quantization of major compounds).
  • Data Note: Data Notes should only describe the data.
  • Please use SI units (non-italicized).
  • Clinical Trial: Clinical Trials Registry In order to be published in a Taylor & Francis journal, all clinical trials must have been registered in a public repository, ideally at the beginning of the research process (prior to participant recruitment).
  • The process of obtaining consent to publish should include sharing the article with the individual (or whoever is consenting on their behalf), so that they are fully aware of the content of the article before it is published.
  • Please note that data should only be shared if it is ethically correct to do so, where this does not violate the protection of human subjects, or other valid ethical, privacy, or security concerns.
  • Please also note that Pharmaceutical Biology requires prospective registration.
  • Image descriptions are typically used by systems such as pronouncing screen readers to make images accessible to people that cannot read or see the object due to a visual disability.

Reporting guidelines

  • Include or confirm the reporting guidelines required by the journal. Articlo checks this item and flags anything that still needs author input.

Preprints and prior publication

  • If you have shared an earlier version of your Author’s Original Manuscript on a preprint server, please be aware that anonymity cannot be guaranteed.

Artificial intelligence disclosure

  • Add or confirm the author-written Artificial intelligence statement; Articlo flags it if author input is still needed.
  • Please include a statement disclosing whether and how generative AI has been used in the research and manuscript preparation process.
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  • Use of AI tools as part of ethical research studies is permitted.
  • A declaration must be included within the submission stating: The name and version number of the AI tool used.
  • Systematic Review: Use of AI tools as part of ethically conducted literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analysis and bibliometrics studies is permitted.
  • Use of AI tool assisted plain language summaries (PLS) of authors own work is permitted.
  • Please read our guidance on using AI tools in your research and manuscript preparation to understand scenarios where their use may be permissible, and the required information that must be disclosed.
  • A declaration must be included within the submission stating: Confirmation the authors have checked terms of use for the specific AI tool used, and therefore confirm suitability for publication.

Authorship and originality

  • Preparing Your Paper All authors submitting to medicine, biomedicine, health sciences, allied and public health journals should conform to the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals, prepared by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE).

Manuscript structure

  • Should be no more than 3000 words, inclusive of: Footnotes.
  • Should be no more than 3000 words, inclusive of: Endnotes.
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  • Should be between 2500 and 4000 words, inclusive of: Footnotes.
  • Should be between 2500 and 4000 words, inclusive of: Endnotes.
  • Should be between 3500 and 5000 words, inclusive of: Footnotes.
  • Should be between 3500 and 5000 words, inclusive of: Endnotes.
  • Abstracts should be structured as follows: context, objective, materials and methods, results, discussion and conclusion.
  • Methods should provide sufficient details of the materials and methods used so that the work can be repeated by others.
  • As per many reporting guidelines, this section should also include a brief discussion of attempts made (if any) for controlling bias or unwanted sources of variability.
  • Any euthanasia or anesthesia methods must be described in detail, including information about the agents used.
  • This should be described in the Materials and Methods section.
  • Abstracts should be structured as follows: context, objective, methods (including data sources, study selection and data extraction), results and conclusion.
  • The Results synthesis should be quantified and presented with confidence intervals and measures of consistency.
  • Data Note: Data Notes do not include any interpretation or conclusion of the data (see preparing your paper).
  • Systematic Review: For Systematic Reviews, the Materials and Methods section should provide details of the review protocol if one exists, as well as details of eligibility criteria for included studies, information sources, search strategies, data collection, synthesis of results and additional analyses (if appropriate).
  • The Results should be presented in a logical sequence, and the Discussion should commence with a presentation of the major findings of the study and conclude with the implications and/or applications of the findings.
  • Should address a contemporary issue with short, decisive observations, such as recent research findings, but can also include the discussion of difficulties and possible solutions in a field of research.
  • Authors must retain full records of the methods undertaken, including full descriptions and records of the prompts used, which must be shared with the journal upon request.
  • Clinical Trial: However, for clinical trials that have not been registered prospectively, Taylor & Francis journals requires retrospective registration to ensure the transparent and complete dissemination of all clinical trial results which ultimately impact human health.

Study reporting guidelines

  • In vivo animal studies should follow the ARRIVE guidelines and a completed checklist must be uploaded at submission.
  • For animal studies, approval must have been obtained from the local or institutional animal use and care committee.
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  • Authors must provide full methodological details and adhere to relevant reporting guidelines where applicable (e.g. CONSORT-AI, STARD-AI, GAMER, TRIPOD-AI, etc).
  • Clinical Trial: Clinical trials should be registered prospectively and follow CONSORT guidelines for clinical trials and a completed checklist must be uploaded at submission; trial registration number and date of registration must be provided in the Material and Methods section.

Statistical reporting

  • For in vitro studies, a minimum of five distinct dose levels is required to establish dose dependency and ensure statistical rigor.
  • Review Article: Statistical tests must be identified by name, and p-values reported to three decimal places unless p Review articles.
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  • The statistical method(s) and/or package used should also be stated.

Article type and manuscript length

  • Should be written with the following elements in the following order: title page; abstract; keywords; main text introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion; acknowledgments; declaration of interest statement; references; appendices (as appropriate); table(s) with caption(s) (on individual pages); figures; figure captions (as a list).
  • Should be written with the following elements in the following order: title page; abstract; keywords; main text introduction, materials and methods, Data description, discussion; acknowledgements; declaration of interest statement; author contributions statement and ethics; data availability statement; references; appendices (as appropriate); table(s) with caption(s) (on individual pages); figures; figure captions (as a list).
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  • Should be written with the following elements in the following order: Title Page; Abstract; Keywords; main text: Introduction, Materials and Methods, Data Description, Discussion; Acknowledgments; Declaration of Interest Statement; Author Contributions Statement and Ethics; Data Availability Statement; References; Appendices (as appropriate); table(s) with caption(s) (on individual pages); figures; and figure captions (as a list).
  • Should be written with the following elements in the following order: title page; abstract; keywords; main text introduction, materials and methods, results, discussion; acknowledgements; declaration of interest statement; author contributions statement; references; appendices (as appropriate); table(s) with caption(s) (on individual pages); figures; figure captions (as a list).
  • Should be written with the following elements in the following order: Title Page; Abstract; Keywords; main text: Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion; Acknowledgements; Declaration of Interest Statement; Author Contributions Statement; References; Appendices (as appropriate); table(s) with caption(s) (on individual pages); figures; and figure captions (as a list).
  • Should be written with the following elements in the following order: Title Page; Abstract; Keywords; main text Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion; Acknowledgments; Data Availability Statement; Declaration of Interest Statement; References; Appendices (as appropriate); table(s) with caption(s) (on individual pages); figures; and figure captions (as a list).
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What your package checks

Abstract: 250 words
Paper: 1,000 words
Keywords: 3-5 keywords
Declarations: Data availability, Ethics, Author contributions, Artificial intelligence

Source transparency

This preparation guide uses published journal-specific author requirements. Journal instructions can change, so authors should complete a final review before submission.

Open official guideline source